Lived Experiences of Long COVID in Iranian Immigrants in Canada: Implications for Post-Infection Care and Global Health Equity.
This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of Iranian immigrants in Canada with Long COVID (LC) and to examine how these experiences can inform culturally responsive healthcare approaches.
This qualitative study employed an interpretive description (ID) methodology and was conducted in Canada in 2024. Twenty adult Iranian immigrants (11 women) with physician-approved LC diagnoses were recruited from across eight Canadian provinces using purposive and snowball sampling via the Telegram application. Data collection comprised one-on-one, semi-structured, in-depth interviews conducted in Persian language through the Zoom video conferencing platform. Interviews lasted an average of 70.8 min (ranging from 51 to 96 min) and were transcribed, translated, and thematically analyzed following Thorn's ID approach, using manual thematic analysis, constant comparative analysis, and inductive reasoning. The social determinants of health (SDH) framework guided the interpretation, situating findings within broader structural and sociocultural contexts.
Five major themes emerged: embodied disruptions and symptom unpredictability, systemic barriers and healthcare navigation, emotional and existential distress, economic and workplace insecurity, and cultural integration and healing pathways. Regarding healthcare needs, participants identified systemic barriers to navigating healthcare.
The findings underscored the need for culturally responsive, linguistically accessible, and holistic care strategies that address both health and socio-economic dimensions. Healthcare providers and policymakers could integrate cultural competence, language accessibility, mental health support, and recognition of diaspora-based coping resources into LC care to improve health outcomes for Iranian immigrant populations.
This qualitative study employed an interpretive description (ID) methodology and was conducted in Canada in 2024. Twenty adult Iranian immigrants (11 women) with physician-approved LC diagnoses were recruited from across eight Canadian provinces using purposive and snowball sampling via the Telegram application. Data collection comprised one-on-one, semi-structured, in-depth interviews conducted in Persian language through the Zoom video conferencing platform. Interviews lasted an average of 70.8 min (ranging from 51 to 96 min) and were transcribed, translated, and thematically analyzed following Thorn's ID approach, using manual thematic analysis, constant comparative analysis, and inductive reasoning. The social determinants of health (SDH) framework guided the interpretation, situating findings within broader structural and sociocultural contexts.
Five major themes emerged: embodied disruptions and symptom unpredictability, systemic barriers and healthcare navigation, emotional and existential distress, economic and workplace insecurity, and cultural integration and healing pathways. Regarding healthcare needs, participants identified systemic barriers to navigating healthcare.
The findings underscored the need for culturally responsive, linguistically accessible, and holistic care strategies that address both health and socio-economic dimensions. Healthcare providers and policymakers could integrate cultural competence, language accessibility, mental health support, and recognition of diaspora-based coping resources into LC care to improve health outcomes for Iranian immigrant populations.