Distinct molecular subgroups in pediatric and young-onset meningiomas require age-adapted risk stratification.
Meningiomas in pediatric and adolescent/young adult patients are poorly characterized biologically and clinically, and risk stratification is largely extrapolated from adult tumors. We analyze 293 tumors from patients aged 0-39 years using integrated histopathological and molecular profiling. Youth-onset meningiomas are enriched for NF2 and SMARCE1 alterations and exhibit a gain-dominated copy-number landscape, including recurrent chr17q gain, whereas canonical adult high-risk features, such as chr1p loss, lack prognostic significance. Adult-derived prognostic frameworks, including WHO grade, methylation-based stratification and integrated risk scores, fail to predict progression in patients ≤21 years of age. Tumors segregate into age-enriched epigenetic clusters defined by SMARCE1, NF2 and BAP1 alterations. Among NF2-altered tumors, patterns of Merlin inactivation, shaped by germline status and co-occurring copy-number variations, delineate biologically divergent subsets. In patients ≤21 years, extent of resection is the dominant predictor of outcome, while molecular features further refine risk assessment. These findings define pediatric and young adult meningiomas as a distinct molecular entity and support age-adapted risk refinement that integrates molecular features with strong clinical determinants.
Authors
Berghaus Berghaus, Tauziède-Espariat Tauziède-Espariat, Hielscher Hielscher, Savran Savran, Schrimpf Schrimpf, Göbel Göbel, Stutheit-Zhao Stutheit-Zhao, Friedrich Friedrich, Keller Keller, Aras Aras, Nozzoli Nozzoli, Sturm Sturm, White White, Schmid Schmid, Mawrin Mawrin, Neumann Neumann, Acker Acker, Beschorner Beschorner, Hartmann Hartmann, Saribiyik Saribiyik, Inan Inan, Erşen-Danyeli Erşen-Danyeli, Kranendonk Kranendonk, Maas Maas, Bos Bos, Aronica Aronica, Peerdeman Peerdeman, Thuijs Thuijs, Mühlebner Mühlebner, Kusters Kusters, den Dunnen den Dunnen, Lavarino Lavarino, Puget Puget, Chiang Chiang, Dahiya Dahiya, Pekmezci Pekmezci, Perry Perry, Akanji Akanji, Ratliff Ratliff, Herold-Mende Herold-Mende, Krieg Krieg, Wick Wick, Pfister Pfister, Wesseling Wesseling, von Deimling von Deimling, Varlet Varlet, Sahm Sahm, Sievers Sievers
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