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In total, 1 147 respiratory specimens were collected from severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) cases at three sentinel hospitals in Huangpu District, Shanghai Ctiy, between 2015 and 2024. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were performed to detect eight major respiratory viruses: influenza A virus (Flu A), influenza B virus (Flu B), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human adenovirus (HAdV), enterovirus/human rhinovirus (EV/HRV), human coronavirus (HCoV), and human metapneumovirus (HMPV). The results showed that the overall positive rate of the eight respiratory viruses was 11.60% (133/1147). The viruses with the highest detection rates were EV/HRV (32/1147, 2.79%), HPIV (31/1147, 2.70%), and Flu A (29/1147, 2.53%). The overall positive rates in male and female cases were 10.63% (68/640) and 12.82% (65/507), respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The positive rate of HAdV in the 14-64-year age group was 1.44% (5/347), which was higher than that in the≥65-year age group (0.13%, 1/800), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.011). A total of 12 cases (1.05%) with mixed detection were identified, all of which were dual-positive.