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Objective: To explore the relationship between work engagement, job burnout, and mental health among full-time and part-time student management staff in universities in Xinjiang, and to provide a scientific basis for developing differentiated mental health intervention measures. Methods: By using the method of cluster random sampling, 1267 student management staff from five universities in Urumqi were selected as the research subjects from March 2020 to December 2021. Data collection was conducted using the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) , the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) , and the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) . Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship among work engagement, job burnout and mental health. Multivariate logistic regression was adopted to analyze the influencing factors of mental health, and the mediating effect of job burnout was analyzed through the mediating effect test. Results: The detection proportions of job burnout and psychological disorders were 80.5% (525/652) and 38.5% (251/652) among full-time personnel, and 75.3% (463/615) and 30.2% (186/615) among part-time personnel, respectively. Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that work engagement was negatively correlated with psychological disorders (r(s)=-0.720, -0.760, P<0.001) and job burnout (r(s)=-0.776, -0.700, P<0.001) in both full-time and part-time personnel, while job burnout was positively correlated with psychological disorders (r(s)=0.804, 0.718, P<0.001) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that high work engagement (full-time: OR=0.05, 95%CI: 0.02-0.18; part-time: OR=0.02, 95%CI: 0.01-0.04) was a protective factor for mental health (P<0.001) , whereas job burnout (full-time: OR=10.85, 95%CI: 3.50-33.58; part-time: OR=3.71, 95%CI: 1.76-7.76) was a risk factor for mental health (P<0.001) . Mediating effect tests demonstrated that job burnout played a partial mediating effect between work engagement and mental health, with mediating effect proportions of 57.3% and 27.9% for full-time and part-time personnel, respectively. Conclusion: The detection proportions of job burnout and psychological disorders among full-time and part-time student management staff in Xinjiang universities are relatively high, and job burnout acts as a mediating variable between work engagement and mental health. Universities should enhance the work engagement level of student management staff to prevent and alleviate job burnout, and thereby improving their mental health status.