Bed nucleus of stria terminalis enkephalin neurons contribute to depletion-induced salt appetite.

The overconsumption of sodium contributes to a wide range of detrimental health conditions. Thus, it is imperative to gain a better understanding of the neural mechanisms driving sodium appetite. Here, we combined neuroanatomic, transgenic, behavioural and chemogenetic approaches to investigate the role of bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST) enkephalin neurons (BNSTENK) in sodium appetite in male and female pENK-Cre mice. Our results demonstrate that Gi-mediated signalling onto BNSTENK neurons regulates salt consumption following sodium depletion, but does not impact upon taste preference when replete. Further, Gi-mediated signalling onto BNSTENK neurons had no effect on deprivation-induced food or water intake, or anxiety-like behavior. Using Cre-dependent retrograde trans-synaptic tracing and anterograde AAV tracing we show connectivity between BNSTENK neurons with the extended amygdala, thalamus and hypothalamus. In summary, we have identified that BNSTENK neurons are integral to a needs-based salt appetite and demonstrate the broader connectivity of these neurons providing a roadmap for future circuit interventions.Significance Statement We identify a functional role for BNSTENK neurons in a needs-based salt appetite following sodium depletion. Further, we map the upstream and downstream connectivity of BNSTENK neurons to provide a roadmap for future investigations into the broader circuitry underpinning salt appetite.
Mental Health
Care/Management

Authors

Anversa Anversa, Teng Teng, Viden Viden, Ch'ng Ch'ng, Richards Richards, Catsburg Catsburg, Pearl Pearl, Walker Walker, Perry Perry, Smith Smith, Lawrence Lawrence
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