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Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a common pathogen responsible for diverse infections in children and adolescents, primarily affecting the respiratory tract. Besides causing atypical pneumonia, MP can also lead to extrapulmonary manifestations, including mucocutaneous, hematological, neurological, cardiac, and gastrointestinal symptoms. These extrapulmonary manifestations are often overlooked, complicating diagnosis and management. Here, we delineate the spectrum of cutaneous and non-cutaneous diseases caused by MP in children, focusing on the pathophysiology, clinical features, and treatment of mucocutaneous manifestations.