Efficacy of inulin supplementation in metabolic control and Akkermansia muciniphila levels in subjects with type 1 diabetes: a pilot study.
Several factors, as genetics, diet, and gut microbiota, are associated with the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Akkermansia muciniphila, an abundant bacterium in human microbiota, has anti-inflammatory properties and can correct metabolic disorders. The effects of the administration of inulin, a prebiotic which increases Akkermansia muciniphila gut levels, are unknown in subjects with T1D.
49 subjects with T1D, age 46 [37-53] years, 30 females (61%), duration of disease 20 [11-27] years, HbA1c 64 [59-72] mmol/mol, were randomized in group A (inulin 3 g twice daily for 3 months + insulin, n=24) and in group B (insulin alone, n=25). Body weight, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), daily insulin units, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics, and Bristol stool scale (BSS) score were collected at enrollment and after 3 months.
After 3 months, subjects in group A showed a significant decrease in body weight [group A -2 (-3; 0) kg and group B 0 (-1; 1) kg, p=0.03] and daily insulin units [group A -1.5 UI (-3.1; 0) vs. group B 0.6 (0; 1.7), p=0.01]. After 3 months, changes in HbA1c and CGM were similar between groups. In both groups, there was no change in BSS score (p=0.39) nor in Akkermansia muciniphila gut levels.
Inulin was associated with a slight body weight decrease and insulin need reduction, but not with an increase in Akkermansia muciniphila levels. More studies are required to explore this issue.
49 subjects with T1D, age 46 [37-53] years, 30 females (61%), duration of disease 20 [11-27] years, HbA1c 64 [59-72] mmol/mol, were randomized in group A (inulin 3 g twice daily for 3 months + insulin, n=24) and in group B (insulin alone, n=25). Body weight, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), daily insulin units, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics, and Bristol stool scale (BSS) score were collected at enrollment and after 3 months.
After 3 months, subjects in group A showed a significant decrease in body weight [group A -2 (-3; 0) kg and group B 0 (-1; 1) kg, p=0.03] and daily insulin units [group A -1.5 UI (-3.1; 0) vs. group B 0.6 (0; 1.7), p=0.01]. After 3 months, changes in HbA1c and CGM were similar between groups. In both groups, there was no change in BSS score (p=0.39) nor in Akkermansia muciniphila gut levels.
Inulin was associated with a slight body weight decrease and insulin need reduction, but not with an increase in Akkermansia muciniphila levels. More studies are required to explore this issue.
Authors
Ojetti Ojetti, Saviano Saviano, Rizzi Rizzi, Tartaglione Tartaglione, Di Leo Di Leo, Quaranta Quaranta, Masucci Masucci, Pitocco Pitocco
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