Endonasal Secondary Rhinoplasty Techniques.
Revision rhinoplasty remains one of the most demanding procedures in facial plastic surgery, challenging not only because of the altered anatomy, deficiencies of structural support, and complex 3-dimensional morphology of the nose, but also because of the varying degrees of scarring. Although the open approach dominates contemporary revision rhinoplasty practice, the endonasal technique remains a valuable option in appropriately selected patients. By preserving the skin-soft tissue envelope and the intrinsic ligamentous support of the nose, endonasal revision offers advantages including reduced edema, avoidance of external scars, and maintenance of a more natural nasal appearance and feel.