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Fuzi Lizhong (FZLZ) decoction is renowned for its traditional role in warming the middle jiao and treating spleen-stomach deficiency-cold syndrome, and recent studies have uncovered its novel and promising potential in regulating chronic inflammation and intercepting the critical transition from inflammation to cancer. This review systematically integrates and critically examines the emerging mechanisms through which FZLZ and its active components modulate key cellular signaling pathways in chronic inflammatory environments. By focusing specifically on the decoction's role in blocking "inflammation-cancer transformation"-a frontier area in both traditional and modern medicines-this article not only synthesizes current research advances but also identifies underexplored therapeutic targets and proposes new directions for future translational studies.