Frequency of islet autoantibody seropositivity among adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in the Kazakh population: A cross-sectional study.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous condition, and a proportion of patients show autoimmune features consistent with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). This study assessed the prevalence of islet autoantibodies in newly diagnosed T2DM patients of Kazakh ethnicity.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 240 patients (30-75 years) with newly diagnosed T2DM in the Aktobe region, Kazakhstan (May 2024-January 2025). Clinical data, HbA1c, and fasting C-peptide were measured. Autoantibodies (GADA, ZnT8A, IA-2A, ICA-ELISA) were determined by ELISA.
Overall, 25.8% of patients were positive for at least one islet autoantibody. ZnT8A (13.3%) and GADA (5.8%) were the most frequent, while IA-2A and ICA-ELISA were rare (0.8% each). Double positivity was observed in 4.6% of patients, and triple positivity in 0.4%. GADA was associated with lower BMI (kg/m2), higher HbA1c, and reduced C-peptide, while ZnT8A was linked to lower C-peptide. Logistic regression confirmed C-peptide as the main predictor of autoantibody positivity.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 240 patients (30-75 years) with newly diagnosed T2DM in the Aktobe region, Kazakhstan (May 2024-January 2025). Clinical data, HbA1c, and fasting C-peptide were measured. Autoantibodies (GADA, ZnT8A, IA-2A, ICA-ELISA) were determined by ELISA.
Overall, 25.8% of patients were positive for at least one islet autoantibody. ZnT8A (13.3%) and GADA (5.8%) were the most frequent, while IA-2A and ICA-ELISA were rare (0.8% each). Double positivity was observed in 4.6% of patients, and triple positivity in 0.4%. GADA was associated with lower BMI (kg/m2), higher HbA1c, and reduced C-peptide, while ZnT8A was linked to lower C-peptide. Logistic regression confirmed C-peptide as the main predictor of autoantibody positivity.
Authors
Kudabayeva Kudabayeva, Tleumagambetova Tleumagambetova, Bazargaliyev Bazargaliyev, Vudu Vudu
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