LC-MS/MS-Based Phytochemical Characterization of Cakile maritima Methanol Extract and Its Photodynamic Anticancer Activity in Gastric Cancer Cells.
In this study, the phytochemical composition, in vitro anticancer activity, photodynamic therapy (PDT) activity, and molecular interaction potential with carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) of Cakile maritima methanol extract were evaluated.
LC-MS/MS analysis identified 11 compounds among 35 screened phytochemicals, with fumaric acid (13797.19 ppb), ferulic acid (771.37 ppb) and p-coumaric acid (601.95 ppb) accounting for approximately 97% of the total content. Molecular docking results demonstrated that sinapic acid (-6.13 kcal/mol) and quinic acid (-6.11 kcal/mol) exhibited the highest binding affinities toward CA IX. Cell culture studies revealed that LogIC50 values differed significantly among cell lines (p < 0.0001). PDT applied to the MKN-28 gastric cancer cell line significantly enhanced cytotoxicity compared with the control group, with the highest photodynamic efficacy observed under green-light irradiation (p < 0.0001).
These findings indicate that C. maritima methanol extract exhibits light-enhanced cytotoxicity in MKN-28 gastric cancer cells and warrant further investigation regarding its potential photosensitising properties.
LC-MS/MS analysis identified 11 compounds among 35 screened phytochemicals, with fumaric acid (13797.19 ppb), ferulic acid (771.37 ppb) and p-coumaric acid (601.95 ppb) accounting for approximately 97% of the total content. Molecular docking results demonstrated that sinapic acid (-6.13 kcal/mol) and quinic acid (-6.11 kcal/mol) exhibited the highest binding affinities toward CA IX. Cell culture studies revealed that LogIC50 values differed significantly among cell lines (p < 0.0001). PDT applied to the MKN-28 gastric cancer cell line significantly enhanced cytotoxicity compared with the control group, with the highest photodynamic efficacy observed under green-light irradiation (p < 0.0001).
These findings indicate that C. maritima methanol extract exhibits light-enhanced cytotoxicity in MKN-28 gastric cancer cells and warrant further investigation regarding its potential photosensitising properties.
Authors
Caliskan Caliskan, Caliskan Caliskan, Torunoğlu Torunoğlu, Durmaz Durmaz, Gümrükçüoğlu Gümrükçüoğlu, Aytar Aytar
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