Mortality and Economic Impact of Heart Failure.
Heart failure (HF) mortality rates have been increasing in the United States since 2012, with disproportionate increases in those aged under 65 years and in individuals who identify as Black. Expanded medical and device therapies across the range of ejection fractions have been proven to be effective in clinical trials and are endorsed by HF guidelines but can also impose considerable costs to patients and payers. Understanding of the mortality risk from HF along with the costs and cost-effectiveness of contemporary therapies is central to combating the HF epidemic.