New potential therapeutic targets of metabolic disorder-associated kidney disease and diabetic kidney disease.
Individuals with metabolic syndrome are at an increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) or accelerating the progression of pre-existing CKD. Further, such individuals are predisposed to developing diabetes mellitus, increasing their susceptibility to diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Current DKD treatments have expanded to include renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA), which confer significant renoprotection. Nevertheless, DKD continues to persist and progress, underscoring the need for the development of novel therapeutic strategies that additionally target the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms in DKD. This mini-review highlights several emerging targets from pre-clinical models of DKD and metabolic-associated kidney disease and provides a brief overview of the pathways involved in their mechanisms of renoprotection.