Postpartum glucose intolerance following gestational diabetes mellitus: A retrospective cohort analysis of prevalence and clinical predictors in Malaysia.
Postpartum glucose intolerance significantly increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study assessed the prevalence and identified clinical predictors of postpartum glucose intolerance among Malaysian women.
This retrospective cohort study included 600 women with previous GDM attending postpartum oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) at 16 primary health clinics in Terengganu, Malaysia. Data collected encompassed sociodemographic details, antenatal clinical characteristics, and postpartum OGTT outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression analyses identified significant predictors.
The overall prevalence of postpartum glucose intolerance was 19%, with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) predominant (76%). Significant predictors included family history of diabetes (aOR=2.110; 95% CI: 1.324-3.365), previous GDM history (aOR=1.874; 95% CI: 1.137-3.090), primiparity (aOR=1.804; 95% CI: 1.122-2.898), elevated fasting plasma glucose at GDM diagnosis (aOR=1.636; 95% CI: 1.196-2.238), and elevated 2-hour plasma glucose at GDM diagnosis (aOR=1.452; 95% CI: 1.267-1.663).
The study highlights a substantial prevalence of postpartum glucose intolerance among Malaysian women with prior GDM. Identifying high-risk individuals based on family history, parity, and antenatal glucose levels may enable targeted preventive strategies to reduce the risk of progressing to T2DM.
This retrospective cohort study included 600 women with previous GDM attending postpartum oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) at 16 primary health clinics in Terengganu, Malaysia. Data collected encompassed sociodemographic details, antenatal clinical characteristics, and postpartum OGTT outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression analyses identified significant predictors.
The overall prevalence of postpartum glucose intolerance was 19%, with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) predominant (76%). Significant predictors included family history of diabetes (aOR=2.110; 95% CI: 1.324-3.365), previous GDM history (aOR=1.874; 95% CI: 1.137-3.090), primiparity (aOR=1.804; 95% CI: 1.122-2.898), elevated fasting plasma glucose at GDM diagnosis (aOR=1.636; 95% CI: 1.196-2.238), and elevated 2-hour plasma glucose at GDM diagnosis (aOR=1.452; 95% CI: 1.267-1.663).
The study highlights a substantial prevalence of postpartum glucose intolerance among Malaysian women with prior GDM. Identifying high-risk individuals based on family history, parity, and antenatal glucose levels may enable targeted preventive strategies to reduce the risk of progressing to T2DM.
Authors
Idris Idris, Yusof Yusof, Juhari Juhari, Yunus Yunus, Mat Hassan Mat Hassan, Daud Daud, Pauzi Pauzi, Ismail Ismail
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