Pulmonary Hypertension in Left Heart Disease and Chronic Right Ventricular Failure.
Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease (PH-LHD) is a common yet complex condition characterized by elevated left atrial pressure, leading to postcapillary pulmonary hypertension. It is divided into isolated postcapillary PH and combined postcapillary and precapillary PH based on pulmonary vascular resistance. "Right ventricular failure often develops due to progressive afterload increase, causing worsening heart failure." Diagnosis relies on right heart catheterization, and PH-specific therapies have shown limited efficacy in PH-LHD. Emerging device-based interventions like interatrial shunt device, pulmonary artery denervation, and MitraClip may provide new therapeutic options, but further research is needed for optimal patient selection.