[Research progress on gene polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to pediatric respiratory diseases and drug efficacy].
As the most common type of genetic variants, gene polymorphisms form an important basis for disease susceptibility and individual difference in drug response. They are also a core subject for pharmacogenomic research. To study the role of gene polymorphisms in disease development and drug metabolism can provide new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for diseases and assist clinicians in developing personalized therapeutic regimens, thus promoting precision medicine. Pediatric respiratory diseases are common disorders in children, and traditional medication practices based on age and body weight often result in poor efficacy or adverse drug reactions. Numerous studies have shown that genetic polymorphisms are closely associated to disease susceptibility, drug sensitivity, and clinical efficacy. In this review, we have focused on common pediatric diseases such as pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and bronchial asthma, and discussed the association between polymorphisms of genes such as METTL4, GSDMA, and ADRB2 and disease susceptibility and drug efficacy, with an aim to provide a reference for targeted prevention and rational treatment of pediatric respiratory diseases.