Return of genome-informed risk-assessment results for common conditions to 23,840 adults and children: An eMERGE network study.
Incorporating genetic risk factors to assess health risk and inform screening is critical for advancing precision medicine. The Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) Network conducted a large-scale study returning genome-informed risk assessments (GIRAs) to 23,840 participants (ages 3-75) across ten clinical sites. Risk for 11 common conditions was assessed using polygenic risk scores (PRSs), monogenic variants, and family history, with results placed in the electronic health record and returned to participants. Non-high-risk and family history-only high-risk results were delivered via patient portal, secure email, or mail. High-risk results involving PRSs, monogenic variants, or BOADICEAs (integrated breast cancer risk scores) were attempted to be returned one-on-one (1:1) via phone, video, or in person. Here, we evaluate the frequency and drivers of high-risk GIRAs, the feasibility of completing 1:1 returns, and factors associated with completing 1:1 delivery. Nearly 35% of participants (8,305) received high-risk results, most (76%) for a single condition. The most common triggers were family history and high PRS. Of those with high-risk GIRAs, 4,911 qualified for 1:1 return, with return completion rates equaling 78.5% for adults and 67.5% for children. The primary barrier to completing a 1:1 return session was the inability to contact participants. Among variables potentially impacting return success, homeownership, "good health," highest education level, and lack of health insurance all were significantly associated with successful 1:1 return with large effect sizes. This study demonstrates the feasibility of large-scale GIRA return in diverse clinical settings and highlights barriers that may impact equitable delivery of high-risk results.
Authors
Lawson Lawson, Prows Prows, Cortopassi Cortopassi, Davis Davis, Head Head, Martin Martin, Perez Perez, Sobowale Sobowale, Abul-Husn Abul-Husn, Bangash Bangash, Bland Bland, Bonini Bonini, Chisholm Chisholm, Chung Chung, Cimino Cimino, Connolly Connolly, Crosslin Crosslin, Freimuth Freimuth, Goff Goff, Gordon Gordon, Hakonarson Hakonarson, Harr Harr, Henricks Henricks, Hernandez Hernandez, Hoell Hoell, Holm Holm, Hripcsak Hripcsak, Karlson Karlson, Kenny Kenny, Khan Khan, Kiryluk Kiryluk, Kottyan Kottyan, Lennon Lennon, Limdi Limdi, Linder Linder, Liu Liu, Manolio Manolio, Maradik Maradik, Marathe Marathe, Maripuri Maripuri, McNally McNally, Murphy Murphy, Naderian Naderian, Namjou Namjou, Odgis Odgis, Peterson Peterson, Pineda-Alvarez Pineda-Alvarez, Puckelwartz Puckelwartz, Purcell Purcell, Rasmussen-Torvik Rasmussen-Torvik, Roden Roden, Rosenthal Rosenthal, Rowley Rowley, Sabatello Sabatello, Scherr Scherr, Shaibi Shaibi, Sharp Sharp, Smoller Smoller, Sterling Sterling, Suckiel Suckiel, Terek Terek, Ting Ting, Velez Edwards Velez Edwards, Walunas Walunas, Wei Wei, Weng Weng, Wiesner Wiesner, Xian Xian, Jarvik Jarvik, Kullo Kullo
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