The association between perceived stress and resilience among medical staff during public health emergencies: mediating effect of self-efficacy.
China has entered the peak of COVID-19 infections following the release of the Notice on Further Optimizing and Implementing Prevention and Control Measures for COVID-19 Pneumonia on December 7, 2022. Most medical staff were infected with COVID-19 and have worked and lived in a higher-intensity stressful environment for a long time. Evidence suggests that resilience levels during public health emergencies are influenced by a variety of factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the status quo and relationships between self-efficacy, perceived stress, and resilience of medical staff during public health emergencies, and to explore the mediating role of self-efficacy between perceived stress and resilience.
Convenience sampling was used to recruit medical staff from a tertiary general hospital in Yunnan Province between December 15, 2022, and January 31, 2023. A total of 564 medical staff were including the study. A General Information Questionnaire, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Resilience Evaluation Scale for medical staff were used to investigate them. Descriptive statistics were conducted using SPSS, and mediation analysis was performed using Model 4 of the PROCESS macro program with Bootstrap method.
Self-efficacy and perceived stress were both positively correlated with resilience (r = 0.561,0.273, P < 0 0.001). Perceived stress had a significant effect on self-efficacy (β = 0.411, P < 0.001), while perceived stress had no significant effect on resilience (β = 0.051, P = 0.181). Self-efficacy had a significant effect on resilience (β = 0.541, P < 0.001). Self-efficacy played a complete mediating role between perceived stress and resilience, accounting for 81% of the total effect of perceived stress on resilience.
Medical staff exhibited high levels of perceived stress, while their self-efficacy and resilience were at a middle level during public health emergencies. Given the complete mediating effect of self-efficacy, it is crucial to incorporate self-efficacy into interventions designed to improve medical staff's resilience. Therefore, the implementation of interventions that can enhance self-efficacy may help to improve the resilience levels of medical staff in high-pressure environments, thus promoting their psychological adaptation.
Convenience sampling was used to recruit medical staff from a tertiary general hospital in Yunnan Province between December 15, 2022, and January 31, 2023. A total of 564 medical staff were including the study. A General Information Questionnaire, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Resilience Evaluation Scale for medical staff were used to investigate them. Descriptive statistics were conducted using SPSS, and mediation analysis was performed using Model 4 of the PROCESS macro program with Bootstrap method.
Self-efficacy and perceived stress were both positively correlated with resilience (r = 0.561,0.273, P < 0 0.001). Perceived stress had a significant effect on self-efficacy (β = 0.411, P < 0.001), while perceived stress had no significant effect on resilience (β = 0.051, P = 0.181). Self-efficacy had a significant effect on resilience (β = 0.541, P < 0.001). Self-efficacy played a complete mediating role between perceived stress and resilience, accounting for 81% of the total effect of perceived stress on resilience.
Medical staff exhibited high levels of perceived stress, while their self-efficacy and resilience were at a middle level during public health emergencies. Given the complete mediating effect of self-efficacy, it is crucial to incorporate self-efficacy into interventions designed to improve medical staff's resilience. Therefore, the implementation of interventions that can enhance self-efficacy may help to improve the resilience levels of medical staff in high-pressure environments, thus promoting their psychological adaptation.