The association between chronic liver disease and stroke risk remains inconclusive, particularly in prospective, community-based settings. Individuals aged 45-59 years represent a critical window of cardiometabolic transition that coincides with female perimenopause. Prospective evidence is limited regarding whether liver disease independently contributes to stroke risk during this vulnerable period.

We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a nationally representative prospective cohort. Using 2011 baseline data, we included 14,662 participants aged ≥45 years after excluding individuals with a history of stroke at baseline or missing key variables. Guided by a priori hypotheses regarding cardiometabolic changes during perimenopause, we performed age- and sex-stratified analyses to assess the association between chronic liver disease and incident stroke. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We additionally developed a stroke risk prediction model incorporating liver disease status and internally validated it using bootstrap resampling with 1,000 iterations.

Among women aged 45-59 years, chronic liver disease was associated with an 81% higher risk of stroke (HR 1.81, 95% CI 1.05-3.13). This association was not observed in men of the same age (HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.63-2.08) or in women aged ≥60 years. The effect magnitude remained after stepwise adjustment for hypertension, diabetes, the activity of daily living (ADL) score, and other cardiovascular risk factors. In the female subgroup aged 45-59 years, a prediction model incorporating liver disease showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.717 (95% CI 0.706-0.830) after bias correction using bootstrap resampling.

Chronic liver disease is associated with an increased risk of stroke in women aged 45-59 years, and this association persisted after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Although interaction tests were not statistically significant, multidimensional sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of the association. These findings suggest that liver disease status may warrant consideration in cardiovascular risk assessment for middle-aged women.

The Mediterranean diet (MD) is widely recognized for its potential health benefits, yet the extent and certainty of its association with metabolic outcomes remains incompletely understood. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the relationship between adherence to the MD and the risk or prevalence of cardiometabolic disorders in the general population, with a focus on its role in primordial and primary prevention.

This review followed PRISMA 2020 and MOOSE guidelines. A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted through February 28, 2024. Eligible studies examined adherence to the MD in relation to the risk or prevalence of metabolic disorders. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and evidence certainty was rated with the NUTRI-GRADE framework. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using a random-effects model and reported as risk ratios (RR), hazard ratios (HR), or odds ratios (OR), as appropriate.

Sixty studies comprising over 1.1 million participants were included. Higher MD adherence was consistently associated with a reduced risk of T2DM (RR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.95-0.97), supported by moderate to high certainty of evidence. Similar inverse associations were observed for overweight (OR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.91-0.97) and adult obesity (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.93-0.97). The PREDIMED randomized trial further demonstrated a 20% reduction in diabetes incidence with MD intervention. Evidence for metabolic syndrome (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.98-0.99) and hyperuricemia (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.25-0.75) was suggestive of protective effects, though with lower certainty. Associations with hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were inconsistent and inconclusive.

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of several metabolic disorders, particularly T2DM and obesity in adults. These findings support the inclusion of the MD in public health strategies for metabolic disease prevention. Further high-quality longitudinal and interventional studies are warranted to clarify its effects on other metabolic outcomes.

Recent-onset cardiomyopathy represents a clinically dynamic and potentially reversible clinical framework of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, characterized by high variability in left ventricular (LV) function and arrhythmic risk. This clinical consensus statement provides a structured diagnostic and therapeutic approach based on two prognostic axes: the potential for left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR) and the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). We operationalize four trajectories in the LV evolution, ranging from recovered LV ejection fraction (LVEF) to persistently reduced LVEF. Multimodal stratification including echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), genetic profiling, biomarkers, and early treatment response allows tailored decision-making on pharmacological and device-based therapies. We propose a unified management algorithm emphasizing early initiation of guideline-directed medical therapy, structured reassessment at 3 and 6 months, and individualized consideration of defibrillators, resynchronization therapy, arrhythmia ablation, transcatheter valve leaflet edge to edge repair, and advanced HF assessment. This document aims to support clinicians in risk stratification and timely management or referrals.

Aim: To investigate the impact of adaptive swimming training sessions on the psycho-emotional and functional state of individuals with musculoskeletal disorders.

Materials and Methods: The research was conducted in 2025, with 32 male service members aged 26-58 who underwent rehabilitation for musculoskeletal injuries over 6 weeks. The research used a combination of theoretical, empirical, and mathematical statistical methods. The psycho-emotional state was assessed using the Wessman-Ricks technique, and the functional state was assessed using a 100 m swimming test and the duration of heart rate recovery after exercise.

Results: Data analysis showed that adaptive swimming training sessions have a pronounced rehabilitative effect: they normalize the psycho-emotional state, reduce stress levels, and increase the body's adaptive capabilities. The integral indicator of emotional state after 6 weeks of training increased by 1.15 points (p≤0.001) and reached a good level, reflecting the restoration of emotional balance. Functional indicators also improved: the time to cover a distance of 100 meters was reduced by 51 seconds (p≤0.001); the duration of heart rate recovery was reduced by 3.65 beats per minute (p≤0.001).

Conclusions: It has been established that adaptive swimming training sessions contribute to improving the psycho-emotional state and functional capabilities of individuals with musculoskeletal disorders. A significant improvement in the integral indicators of the cardiovascular system's emotional and functional states has been observed.

Enhancing NAD+ levels with nicotinamide riboside (NR) confers anti-inflammatory effects in human disease, although immunoregulatory mechanisms remain poorly characterized. We previously showed that ex vivo NR supplementation of primary CD4+ T cells from psoriatic individuals dampened immune responsiveness. To validate this in vivo, we performed a randomized, placebo-controlled NR supplementation study in individuals with mild-to-moderate psoriasis. Participants received oral NR (500 mg twice daily) or matching placebo for 4 weeks, with blood samples collected at baseline and after supplementation. NR reduced Th17 immune responsiveness. Bulk CD4+ T cell RNA-seq identified induction of the SLIT-ROBO signaling pathway. NR supplementation increased circulating SLIT2 levels and enhanced SLIT2 production in dermal fibroblasts. Pharmacologic and genetic interrogation in CD4+ T cells and fibroblasts demonstrated that SLIT2, acting through the ROBO1 receptor, inhibited Rho GTPase signaling, thereby attenuating canonical Th17 polarization and fibroblast inflammatory activation. These findings indicate that NAD+ augmentation exerts anti-inflammatory effects in psoriasis through SLIT2-ROBO1-mediated crosstalk between dermal fibroblasts and circulating CD4+ T cells, leading to suppression of Th17-driven inflammation.

Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGR1) is associated with lipid metabolism and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk, but its expression patterns, diagnostic performance, and prognostic significance in hypertensive patients with CAD remain unelucidated. This single-center study enrolled 345 hypertensive patients between 2022 and 2025 (59 with hypertension alone, 286 with hypertension and CAD). Plasma ASGR1 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Spearman correlation, and Cox proportional hazards modeling were performed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of ASGR1 in CAD and its prognostic value for all-cause rehospitalization. Plasma ASGR1 levels were significantly higher in hypertensive patients with CAD than in those with hypertension alone (p < 0.001) and higher ASGR1 expression is accompanied by more severe coronary lesions and adverse clinical phenotypes. Inflammatory markers, liver injury biomarkers and cardiac injury biomarkers were positively correlated with ASGR1, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was negatively correlated. ASGR1 showed excellent diagnostic ability for CAD in hypertensive patients with area under the curve of 0.937 (95% CI: 0.906-0.960). Multivariate analysis showed that each 1-unit increase in ASGR1 was associated with a 37% higher risk of CAD (odds ratio 1.37, 95% CI: 1.24-1.52, p < 0.001). Longitudinally, elevated baseline ASGR1 was independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause rehospitalization (adjusted hazard ratio 1.97, 95% CI: 1.16-3.35, p = 0.012). These findings support ASGR1 may serve as a diagnostic biomarker and prognostic indicator for hypertensive patients with CAD.

We examined gene expression profiles in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) lesions vs. normal aortas by cDNA microarray and real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Phosphorus (³²P)-labeled cDNA from AAA specimens (mean AAA size 6.65 cm) and normal aortas were hybridized with a 588-gene microarray primarily of the cardiovascular system. The results were validated by qRT-PCR.

A total of 35 out of the 588 genes were differentially expressed, with either log₂ ratio of AAAs/controls ≥1 (upregulated; 20 genes) or ≤-1 (downregulated; 15 genes) in AAA lesions vs. normal aorta, and 25 of these were significantly different (71%). Expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9, TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 3, collagen type I α 1 chain (COL1A1), COL6A3, COL15A1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), ICAM2, decorin, endoglin, apolipoprotein D (APOD), APOE, phospholipid transfer protein, calcium and integrin binding 1 (CIB1), phospholipase A2 group IIA, von Willebrand factor, serpin family B member 6 (SERPINB6), urokinase-type plasminogen activator, H19, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta was upregulated in AAA vs. normal aorta. Expression of collagen type IV α 4 chain (COL4A4), COL11A2, gap junction protein α 1 (GJA1), biglycan, integrin subunit α 8, galectin-1, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1, acetyl-CoA acyltransferase, serpin family E member 1, melanoma cellular adhesion molecule, sodium channel epithelial 1 subunit beta (SCNN1B), natriuretic peptide receptor 1 (NPR1), superoxide dismutase 3, actinin α 1 (ACTN1) and cardiac phospholamban (PLN) was downregulated.

Eleven genes differentially expressed (p≤0.05) in AAA lesions vs. normal aortas were not reported previously: upregulated: COL6A3, COL15A1, ICAM2, APOD, CIB and SERPINB6; downregulated: GJA1, SCNN1B, NPR1, ACTN1 and PLN. Remaining results confirmed previous reports regarding 21 genes differentially expressed in AAA. qRT-PCR results were in general in agreement with microarray results.

This study estimated the prevalence of psychological disabilities among university students, characterized associations between symptom severity and functional limitations, explored self-identification and service registration across mental health diagnoses, and examined mental health stigma's effect on service access.

104,729 post-secondary students from the 2023-2024 Healthy Minds Study.

Descriptive statistics addressed the first three aims; multivariable logistic regression addressed the fourth.

Self-reported psychological disabilities comprised 13.1% of all disabilities. Self-reported functional limitations increased sigmoidally with PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores. Students with anxiety and depression were least likely to self-identify as having a psychological disability despite reporting functional limitations. Personal and perceived stigma were not associated with DSO registration, but were negatively associated with mental health treatment access; help-seeking stigma was negatively associated with both.

Novel self-identification, self-disclosure and stigma data are provided to support improved reporting and service access for students with psychological disabilities.

Time-to-collision (TTC) estimation, the ability to predict when a moving object will reach a designated position, represents a critical skill for motor behavior regulation. However, although existing studies have demonstrated significant effects of object velocity and distance on TTC estimation, the role of auditory rhythm remains poorly understood. This study systematically investigated the influence of background musical rhythm on TTC estimation through two experiments (manipulating velocity and distance variables) combined with Bayesian modeling. The results demonstrated that ‌fast-tempo music enhanced the accuracy of visual TTC estimation under very low velocity and very near distance conditions. Additionally, a central tendency effect emerged across conditions, with extreme velocities or distances biasing estimates toward the mean. Bayesian modeling further uncovered distinct integration strategies - velocity processing relied on stabilized temporal priors, whereas distance judgments depended on reduced perceptual variability under fast-tempo conditions. These findings suggest that auditory rhythms influence visual TTC estimation by regulating attentional allocation and recalibrating internal timing mechanisms. The study advances our understanding of multisensory temporal perception and provides theoretical insights for practical applications like traffic safety management.

Whilst absenteeism and presenteeism amongst workers with chronic and episodic disabling conditions are well-studied, less is known about broader job disruptions and their links to gender, disability type, support availability, and perceived workplace support towards disclosure. This study examined the prevalence of job disruptions and their association with support availability and support of disclosure, and whether these relationships differ by gender and disability type.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in June-July 2022 with 730 employed Canadians living with chronic or episodic conditions causing work limitations. Relationships between support availability, perceived workplace support towards disability disclosure and six types of job disruptions (i.e. work impacts such as interruptions, distractions, and other barriers that create difficulties with work activities and participation) were analyzed using chi-square tests and adjusted logistic regression. Gender (men/women) and disability type (physical, mental/cognitive, both) were tested as moderators.

Short-term job disruptions were common, especially amongst workers with both physical and mental/cognitive conditions. Greater support availability was associated with fewer long-term disruptions but more missed meetings. Negative or ambivalent perception of workplace support towards disability disclosure was associated with higher odds of long-term disruptions. Low support availability exacerbated job disruption disparities between disability types. There was no evidence of moderation by gender.

Support availability and a positive, inclusive workplace with support towards disability disclosure are important factors influencing long-term job disruptions. The findings of this study suggest that tailored supports for those with complex and co-occurring, disabilities and efforts to improve perceptions of the workplace's support towards disability disclosure are important to promote sustained work participation for people with chronic or episodic conditions causing limitations.