This study aimed to link the Common Variable Immune Deficiency Quality of Life (CVID-QoL) and Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaires to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) using ICF linking rules and to compare their ICF-based content coverage.

Two researchers independently analyzed each CVID-QoL and SF-36 item following the ICF linking rules by Cieza et al. Meaningful concepts were identified, linked to the most appropriate ICF categories, and evaluated for inter-rater agreement using kappa, with discrepancies resolved by expert consultation.

A total of 32 CVID-QoL items yielded 47 ICF code assignments, corresponding to 25 unique ICF categories, whereas the SF-36 yielded 61 assignments, corresponding to 25 unique ICF categories. In the CVID-QoL, the most represented main-concept domains were b1 mental functions, b4 cardiovascular, hematological, immunological, and respiratory functions, and d7 interpersonal interactions and relationships, whereas in the SF-36 the most represented domains were b1 mental functions, d2 general tasks and demands, and d4 mobility.

The CVID-QoL appears to assess the disease more broadly, as it includes content related to body functions and structures, activities and participation, and environmental factors. Therefore, compared with the generic SF-36, it may better reflect the disease-specific impact of CVID.Implications for RehabilitationUsing ICF-linked disease-specific tools in clinical practice can improve the assessment process and guide more holistic, patient-centered interventions for individuals with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID).Linking the Common Variable Immune Deficiency Quality of Life (CVID-QoL) questionnaire to the ICF framework enables a comprehensive understanding of disease-specific functional limitations in patients with Common Variable Immune Deficiency (CVID).The Common Variable Immune Deficiency Quality of Life (CVID-QoL) captures unique aspects of physical, emotional, and environmental challenges not addressed in generic Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) tools, such as the SF-36, highlighting its relevance for individualized rehabilitation planning.

Methamphetamine (MA) co-use with opioids has increased in Vietnam, hindering methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) through non-adherence and returning to opioid use. This study reports the primary outcomes of the "Screen, Treat and Retain people with opioid use disorders who use MA in methadone clinics" (STAR-OM) trial to integrate evidence-based behavioral interventions into MMT clinics and reduce MA co-use.

STAR-OM was a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04706624) with two 12-week intervention stages across 15 MMT clinics in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. In the frontline intervention stage, 665 MMT patients who co-use MA were randomized to either a low-intensity frontline intervention of six weeks of contingency management (CM) followed by six weeks of group education, or a high-intensity frontline intervention of 12 weeks of CM. Participants who responded to treatment at the end of the frontline intervention stage-having 4 MA-negative urine drug screens (UDS) out of a possible 4 in Weeks 11 to 12-were reassigned to 12-weeks of theory-based text messaging for maintenance. Within each frontline intervention, those who did not have a treatment response were re-randomized to an adaptive intervention of either Matrix only or Matrix + CM for another 12 weeks. Segmented, two-level mixed effects logistic regression compared intervention effects on testing MA-negative over time.

By Week 25, the low-intensity frontline intervention increased by 15.1% in the expected percentage of MA-negative UDS and the high-intensity frontline intervention increased by 16.9%. The high-intensity condition increased more rapidly in MA-negative UDS than the low intensity condition in the first 12 weeks. Participants who were reassigned to text messaging maintained a high percentage of MA-negative UDS-between 87.9% and 92.4%-from Week 14-25. Those re-randomized to Matrix + CM had a greater increase in MA-negative UDS than the Matrix only condition by 10.1 percentage-points.

The STAR-OM trial provides a model of evidence-based adaptive interventions to reduce MA co-use in patients receiving MMT for opioid use disorder in Vietnam and globally. Consistent exposure to CM predicted greater reductions in MA use, emphasizing the importance of positive reinforcement in substance use intervention. Combining CM with the Matrix model may improve outcomes in those who do not initially respond to CM. Theory-based, unidirectional text messaging may support behavioral maintenance in people who respond to frontline intervention.

This trial was funded by the National Institute of Drug Abuse and National Institute of Mental Health.

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), as one of the most common types of hearing impairment, has seen a continuous increase in global incidence. It has seriously affected patients' quality of life and is closely associated with a range of psychological and mental health issues, while also posing a significant burden on healthcare systems. It is known that the etiologies of SNHL mainly include environmental factors (such as noise exposure, ototoxic drugs, and viral infections), genetic factors (including relevant gene mutations), and age-related degenerative changes in the auditory system (presbycusis). These pathogenic factors, whether acting individually or synergistically, can interfere with the normal development and function of the auditory nerves, resulting in damage to cochlear hair cells and auditory neurons, thereby causing irreversible hearing impairment. Therefore, a deep understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of auditory nerve development, structural and functional maturation, as well as its survival capacity and plasticity changes after injury, is crucial for elucidating the pathological basis of SNHL heterogeneity and promoting the development of precise treatment strategies. This article systematically reviews the molecular basis of auditory nerve development, the related pathological mechanisms, and causes of injury, while also exploring the cutting-edge therapeutic advances in this field, aiming to provide new insights for clinical interventions in sensorineural hearing loss and ultimately improve patients' auditory function and quality of life.

Mental health disorders are prevalent comorbidities in adults with congenital heart diseases (CHD). This study aimed to provide a biopsychosocial portrait of overall health in adults with CHD and compare by sex and age to a general population.

A cross-sectional study of 264 adults with CHD at the Montreal Heart Institute collected clinical data and self-reported lifestyle, sociodemographic, and psychological measures (the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Worry and Anxiety Questionnaire). Descriptive and comparative statistics were used to compare with local population or stratified by age and sex.

Anxiety scores were higher in females and younger adults with CHD, whereas depression scores show no significant differences. Although mean anxiety and depression scores in adults with CHD were similar to a Québec primary care population, subgroup comparisons show differences such as higher anxiety scores in younger adults with CHD. Fewer adults with CHD were sedentary or very active in comparison with controls, with more engaged in moderate activities. Moreover, they reported lower caffeine, alcohol, and cannabis consumption than the general population. Rates of smoking use or nonprescription medications were similar in both populations.

This study highlights key trends in the psychological and behavioral profiles of adults with CHD, including higher anxiety among young adults and differences in physical activity and alcohol consumption compared with the general population. These findings underline the importance of a holistic approach to management of this population.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized. The Mini-Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life (Mini-OAKHQoL) scale is used to evaluate the impact of knee/hip osteoarthritis (KOA/HOA) on patients' quality of life (QoL). This study aims to ascertain the consistency and accuracy of the Mini-OAKHQoL Syrian Arabic version.

This cross-sectional study translated the original version of the Mini-OAKHQoL into Syrian Arabic using a standard method for language adjustment. The patients completed the Syrian Arabic version and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the Short Form-36 (SF-36) scales. The psychometric properties of the Syrian Arabic Mini-OAKHQoL were evaluated using Cronbach's α for internal consistency, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for test-retest reliability, and Spearman's correlation coefficient for convergent validity. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

This study included 87 persons with KOA/HOA. The Mini-OAKHQoL demonstrated satisfactory face and content validity. The intraclass correlation coefficient, confidence intervals (ICC = 0.844, 95% CI: 0.76-0.90). for the overall score with a cut-off > 0.5. The Cronbach's α for the categories was satisfactory internal consistency (α > 0.7). Regarding the assessment of convergent validity, physical activities, mental health, pain, and independent items of the Mini-OAKHQoL Arabic version demonstrated moderate to high correlations with the WOMAC and SF-36.

The Mini-OAKHQoL is a well-validated and reliable scale for evaluating QoL in patients with KOA/HOA, demonstrating strong utility in both clinical practice and research settings among Arabic-speaking populations.

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, but evidence regarding its association with cognitive performance in the general population remains limited. This study aimed to examine the association between peripheral blood mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) and cognitive function in the general Japanese population.

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 282 participants (134 men and 148 women) from the Yakumo Study, a population-based health examination in Hokkaido, Japan. Peripheral blood mtDNA-CN was measured by quantitative real-time PCR and categorized into tertiles. Cognitive function was assessed using the short version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMSE), the Logical Memory Test (LMT), and the Digit Cancellation Test (D-CAT). Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between mtDNA-CN levels and cognitive performance, with adjustments for relevant demographic and clinical factors.

Lower mtDNA-CN was significantly associated with poorer SMMSE scores in women and with reduced D-CAT3 performance-reflecting attention and executive function-in men. No significant associations were observed for LMT scores in either sex. These domain- and sex-specific associations remained consistent after adjustment for potential confounders.

Lower mtDNA-CN was associated with poorer cognitive performance in the general Japanese population, in a cognitive domain- and sex-specific manner. mtDNA-CN thus has potential as a non-invasive biomarker for the early identification of individuals at increased risk of cognitive decline. Longitudinal studies are necessary to evaluate its predictive utility and potential application in dementia prevention strategies.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is one of the most common interventions for depression and has two key components: Cognitive Restructuring (CR) and Behavioral Activation (BA). However, no evidence-based guidelines exist to help clients and clinicians decide whether CBT would be a good first-line treatment for a given individual based on their personal characteristics, and which CBT intervention would benefit them more. We propose that specific capacities to learn from new information and experiences are prerequisites for response to CBT and that BA and CR require different learning capacities. In this study, we aim to develop predictive models of symptom change based on computationally-derived variables from behavioral tasks, in addition to clinical and demographic self-report data, to identify parameters and variables that can determine which individuals with depressive symptoms would benefit from CBT-based interventions and, ideally, which specific interventions they would benefit from more.

We plan to recruit at least 1,500 adult participants who report having symptoms of depression and reside in U.S. After completing a series of questionnaires and behavioral tasks to assess their learning propensities, participants will be randomly assigned to a BA or a CR group. Using an online self-help tool, participants will then engage with designated modules according to their assigned group for five weeks. We will assess symptoms 1 week post-intervention (main end point of study) and follow up at 6, 18, and 42 weeks post-intervention. Upon enrolling and consenting into the main study, participants will be randomly assigned to either the training dataset or the held-out test dataset at a ratio of 2:1. This enables a clean separation of training and test datasets and prevent data leakage. We plan to build cross-validated predictive algorithms on the training dataset, and preregister our analysis plan before we validate our models and hypotheses in the held-out, unseen, test dataset. Enrollment of the study started 23rd January, 2024.

ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier (NCT06631183). The protocol follows the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) guidelines. Numbers in brackets follow subsection numbers in the guidelines.

The World Health Organization's QualityRights initiative offers a practical framework for developing rights-based, person-centered, and recovery-oriented mental health systems. In Korea, the face-to-face WHO QualityRights specialized training module, Recovery practices for mental health and well-being, was culturally and clinically adapted for local use, incorporating Open Dialogue principles. This adaptation led to the development of the group-based "QualityRights Recovery Program." This study examines the experiences and perspectives of individuals with lived experience of mental health challenges, their family caregivers, and mental health practitioners who participated in this program to inform the local implementation of recovery-oriented mental health practices.

Eighteen participants were recruited from two mental health facilities in Suwon, Republic of Korea. Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews and used thematic analysis to examine participants' experiences with the 13-week QualityRights Recovery Program, which was adapted for the Korean clinical context.

Four major themes emerged: (1) participation and engagement in recovery, (2) changes in communication and decision-making, (3) mutual understanding and shifts in perception, and (4) redefining recovery concepts and therapeutic aims.

Participants' perspectives on the QualityRights Recovery Program indicate its potential to restore the autonomy and well-being of individuals with lived experience, while also positively influencing the perspectives of their caregivers and practitioners. These findings provide guidance for expanding rights-based, recovery-oriented mental health interventions in Korea.

Subjective cognitive dysfunction is common in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), but its relationship with depressive symptoms and treatment response remains unclear, especially in routine clinical settings in China.

We conducted an 8-week retrospective observational study using routinely collected data from the "Good Sleep 365" smartphone platform at the Sleep Disorders Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital (China) between 1 November 2017 and 10 October 2024. Adults aged 18-65 years who met ICD-10 criteria for a depressive episode, had baseline PHQ-9 ≥10, and completed the PDQ-D-20 were included. PHQ-9 and PDQ-D-20 were assessed at baseline and at weeks 2, 4, 6 and 8. Correlations between depressive symptoms and subjective cognition were examined. Among 233 patients who completed all follow-ups, three hierarchical logistic regression models were built to predict antidepressant response (PHQ-9 reduction ≥50% at week 8), and their performance was evaluated using ROC curves, calibration, decision curve analysis and a nomogram.

In 321 patients with MDD, higher PHQ-9 scores were consistently associated with more severe PDQ-D-20 total and domain scores at all time points. Higher baseline PDQ-D-20 scores predicted smaller reductions in PHQ-9. Baseline depressive and cognitive measures did not show marked associations with age, sex, education level, occupation or illness duration. The fully adjusted logistic model that combined baseline PDQ-D-20, symptom scales and demographic/clinical variables showed good discrimination (AUC ≈0.91) and acceptable calibration, and baseline PDQ-D-20 remained an independent predictor of non-response.

In this smartphone-based cohort of Chinese outpatients from a sleep-disorders clinic, subjective cognitive dysfunction was closely related to depressive symptom burden and predicted poorer antidepressant response, suggesting that routine cognitive assessment may help identify patients at risk of suboptimal outcomes.

Previous studies showed impaired decision-making in suicide attempters, but the cognitive mechanisms in play and subgroup differences among attempters need further research. Understanding these differences is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

For the present case-control study, we recruited 49 depressed patients with histories of both mood disorders and suicide attempts, 34 patient controls with no personal history of suicide attempts, and 49 healthy controls. The participants completed clinical assessments and decision-making tasks: the Iowa-Gambling-Task (IGT), a value-based decision-making battery, a mixed gambling task, and a Go/No-Go task. The study was preregistered at ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT05230043).

Both patient groups showed lower IGT performance, and only suicide attempters lower loss aversion than healthy controls. Compared to both patient and healthy controls, suicide attempters exhibited more total and commission errors on the Go/No-Go task. Subgroup analysis revealed that patients who made an impulsive suicide attempt had higher delay discounting and lower loss aversion rates than healthy controls. Meanwhile, attempters who chose violent means performed worse than those with a non-violent means in the first phase of the IGT and had lower loss aversion compared to both control groups. Finally, poorer IGT performance was associated with lower loss aversion and higher suicidal intent.

In addition to deficits in response inhibition in depressed suicide attempters, these findings highlight reduced sensitivity to losses, higher delay discounting and impaired value-based learning in impulsive or violent suicidal acts. They, therefore, underscore the heterogeneity within suicide attempters and highlight the need for individualized approaches in future research and clinical interventions.