Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a mature CD30-positive T-cell lymphoma that develops around the implant as a peri-implant fluid collection confined by a fibrous capsule, and less commonly as a tumor with infiltrative growth. The disease was recognized as a distinct clinico-pathological entity in 2022 in the 5^th edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. This work analyzed current understanding of the disease: epidemiological data, etiopathogenetic aspects, and diagnostic algorithms. The article discusses the association of the disease with textured implants, predominantly manufactured by Allergan Biocell (USA). The main pathogenetic mechanisms are reviewed: chronic inflammation, the role of bacterial biofilms, and JAK/STAT signaling pathway activation. Current approaches to diagnosis and staging are described. The necessity of establishing a national registry of BIA-ALCL cases in the Russian Federation and developing domestic clinical guidelines for optimizing patient management is emphasized. A description of a clinical case of BIA-ALCL is presented, one of the few registered cases in the Russian Federation.

Currently, the presence of tumor deposits in colorectal cancer does not significantly affect the staging and their role in the prognosis of the disease is controversial.

To study the clinical and morphological features and disease-free survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) with tumor deposits (TD).

The medical histories and histological material of 60 patients with CRC who were treated at the Sechenov University Clinical Center were retrospectively analyzed. The first group included 29 patients with stage III-IV of the disease, in whom, during morphological examination of the surgical material, TD were found in the paracolic/pararectal tissue. The second group consisted of 31 patients with stage III-IV disease without TD. The groups were compared by gender, age, stages (TNM), localization and degree of malignancy of the tumor, presence/absence of lymphatic, vascular and perineural invasion. Recurrence-free survival was studied for 36 months, both locoregional recurrences and distant metastases were taken into account. A statistical analysis of the data obtained was carried out.

It was found that in the group with TD in CRC, the chance of recurrence was 4.4 times (p=0.031) higher than in the group without deposits, and the average time to recurrence decreased, which was 26.1±13.2 months in group 1 (CRC with TD); 32.8±8.4 months in group 2 (CRC without TD) (p=0.013). It was found that tumors with TD are more often localized in the left half of the colon and rectum, have a large stage at the time of diagnosis, and perineural invasion is significantly more common (p=0.016).

The study found that the presence of tumor deposits in the paracolic and pararectal tissue is an important prognostic factor and is associated with a decrease in disease-free survival in stage III-IV colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND This report describes the case of a 51-year-old woman with a history of transient ischemic attack and a diagnosis of a large Shamblin type III carotid body tumor (CBT) encasing the carotid artery. The CBT was managed by preoperative embolization and surgical resection, which was complicated by postoperative stroke and arterial damage requiring surgical repair. CBTs are usually slow-growing, pulsatile cervical tumors that can cause clinical symptoms secondary to catecholamine secretion in functional lesions or symptoms related to compression of adjacent structures in nonfunctional lesions. CASE REPORT The patient was diagnosed with CBT. Ten months prior, she had a transient ischemic attack with left-sided temporary hemiparesis. The surgical excision of the CBT was preceded by endovascular embolization. Despite this, significant bleeding occurred intraoperatively. The complete excision of the CBT was complicated by damage of the common carotid artery, with repair requiring temporal shunting. Two hours after surgery, the patient showed weakness of the left side of the body. Dissection of the right common and internal carotid arteries, occlusion of the external carotid artery, and a thrombus at the bifurcation of the right middle cerebral artery were identified on computed tomography. A successful endovascular intervention with stent implantation and mechanical thrombectomy was performed. Postoperatively, a slight face asymmetry and mild deterioration of upper limb mobility were observed, which resolved completely following successful rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS Despite having a low incidence, CBTs remain a serious therapeutic problem. An interdisciplinary approach and availability of different specialties is key to successful treatment of complex CBTs.

Digital tools are increasingly used to support patient engagement in cancer clinical trials, particularly for recruitment, education, and electronic consent. As these tools become more integrated into clinical research workflows, there is growing recognition that they shape how patients perceive, interpret, and act on trial-related information as they navigate complex decisions under emotional and cognitive strain. Drawing on research in health communication, behavioral science, and patient-centered design, we provide a narrative mini review of current digital approaches such as websites, mobile applications, social media, patient portals, e-consent platforms, and emerging AI-driven tools to identify key challenges related to patients' access and experience. We offer a synthesis of evidence-based design strategies shown to support decision-making, reduce cognitive and emotional burdens, foster trust, and complement, rather than replace, human interaction. We also discuss considerations for implementation and evaluation studies, emphasizing the importance of assessing patient understanding, decisional confidence, retention, and equity alongside traditional enrollment metrics. We conclude by outlining future directions for theory-informed, co-designed digital communication strategies that support meaningful participation in cancer clinical research.

Immunotherapy has emerged as a major therapeutic strategy for cancer, and accumulating evidence indicates that the gut microbiota influences its effectiveness, highlighting the potential role of dietary fiber.

To evaluate the scientific evidence regarding the relationship between dietary fiber intake, immune modulation, and the response to immunotherapy in patients with cancer.

An integrative review was conducted using the MEDLINE, BVS, and EMBASE databases with the descriptors "Neoplasms," "Dietary Fiber," and "Immunomodulation." Original studies involving patients with cancer undergoing immunotherapy that evaluated dietary fiber intake through habitual diet, dietary intervention, or supplementation, as well as its association with immune response, gut microbiota, or clinical outcomes were included.

A total of 325 records were identified, of which three studies met the inclusion criteria.

Higher dietary fiber intake was associated with improved therapeutic responses and favorable changes in the gut microbiota. The included studies involved patients with melanoma receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors, predominantly anti-PD-1 therapy.

Dietary fiber plays a relevant role in gut microbiota modulation and may enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy.

Most oral malignant tumors are primary, and the incidence of oral metastatic tumors is low at 1%-2.4%. We report a rare case of mandibular metastatic lung cancer with multimodal imaging. A 67-year-old man presented with pain of the left side of mandible within 2 weeks. On clinical examination, swelling and redness of the gingiva of the left lower molar regions were found. Panoramic radiography revealed a mass like radiopacity on the left mandible, however, no destruction in the left mandible. CT showed metal artifact in the left mandible. On intraoral ultrasonography, the mass revealed clear boundary, hypoechoic echogenicity, homogeneous internal architecture, no vascular signals by color Doppler imaging and heterogeneous hard by strain elastography. Furthermore, MR imaging was performed. The lesion in the left mandible showed low-signal intensity and homogeneous enhancement on T1-weighted images. T2-weighted and STIR images showed high-signal intensity. diffusion-weighted MR imaging of the lesions revealed high-signal intensity, and the apparent diffusion coefficient values of the lesion was 1.08 × 10^- 3 mm²s^- 1. The radiological diagnosis in the mandibular lesion was malignant tumor. Histopathological diagnosis by incisional gingival biopsy was adenocarcinoma. Thereafter, ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT was performed, and revealed focal hypermetabolic area in the left side of mandible and right upper lobe of lung. Histopathological diagnosis by biopsy of the right upper lobe of lung was adenocarcinoma. Therefore, this case was diagnosed as mandibular metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. This case suggests that multimodal imaging could be effective for diagnoses of oral metastatic tumor.

It has been highly challenging to reliably detect various cancers at an early stage when tumors are just millimeters in size. To address this, we developed a tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive nanoprobe, PR-KAd@CD-AuNC, enabling cross-validated cancer detection through in vivo second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging and in vitro colorimetric urinalysis. The nanoprobe consists of three integrated components: a renal-clearable signal-output segment (cyclodextrin-functionalized gold nanocluster, CD-AuNC), a tumor-targeting and size-controlling component (PR), and a matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2)-cleavable linker (KAd). PR, composed of 8-arm poly(ethylene glycol) for prolonged circulation and c(RGDfK) peptides for αvβ3 integrin targeting, directed selective tumor accumulation after intravenous injection of PR-KAd@CD-AuNC. The intrinsic emission of CD-AuNC above 1100 nm enabled high-resolution, real-time NIR-II fluorescence imaging with attenuated photon scattering, allowing precise tumor delineation. Within the TME, specifically overexpressed MMP2 cleaved the KAd linker, releasing ∼2 nm CD-AuNC fragments from the ∼10 nm parent nanoprobe. Being smaller than the ∼5.5 nm renal filtration threshold, these fragments were renally excreted. Concurrently, the peroxidase-like activity of CD-AuNC catalyzed tetramethylbenzidine oxidation to produce a visible blue signal, providing a simple and low-cost urinalysis method suitable for broad cancer screening applications. This dual-modality strategy effectively distinguished cancers from inflammation and other diseases, detecting small tumors for multiple cancer types with a sensitivity surpassing that of computed tomography (CT) imaging, which makes it a promising early detection approach. Furthermore, it was also employed to dynamically assess cancer therapeutic efficacy (i.e., immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgical resection), suggesting clinical value for guiding treatment decisions.

Secondary iliopsoas abscess arising from colorectal cancer is uncommon and diagnostically challenging. We report a woman in her 50s with locally recurrent sigmoid colon cancer who developed a massive gas-forming left iliopsoas abscess during capecitabine, oxaliplatin and bevacizumab. The acute presentation was severe, with altered consciousness reported before ambulance transfer, marked inflammatory response and need for urgent CT-guided drainage and intensive monitoring. Previous Escherichia coli bacteraemia, bilateral ureteral stents, polymicrobial anaerobic abscess flora and bevacizumab exposure created several plausible infection mechanisms. Abscess culture supported an enteric source whereas urine culture yielded discordant organisms. She improved after source control, broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy with subsequent de-escalation and prolonged drainage, and was discharged after resuming systemic therapy without bevacizumab. This case emphasises early CT, multidisciplinary decision-making and cautious attribution of causality in oncology patients with flank pain and systemic inflammation.

Cancer-associated mesothelial cells (CAMCs) are key modulators of the ovarian tumor microenvironment, contributing to tumor growth and immune evasion. Mesothelial cells (MCs) maintain peritoneal homeostasis and immune surveillance and represent the first point of contact during abdominal dissemination of ovarian cancers. Yet, their role in ovarian tumor immunity remains poorly understood.

Lineage tracing, 3D models, and spatial transcriptomic profiling were used to characterize CAMC origin, localization, and phenotypic transitions during ovarian cancer progression. Multiplex cytokine panels were used to define the cytokine profiles associated with MC transformation into CAMCs. Functional studies were conducted in syngeneic ovarian cancer mouse models to assess the impact of CAMCs on tumor growth and response to immunotherapy. In parallel, CAMC-driven changes in immune cell phenotype and functional state within the tumor microenvironment were characterized.

We demonstrate that CAMCs originate from peritoneal MCs, populate the tumor surface, and progressively infiltrate the tumor core while undergoing a phenotypic transition toward a fibroblast-like phenotype. We characterize the function of an unrecognized CAMC signature marked by SERPINB2⁺ expression and a combination of markers absent in normal MCs. CAMC^Serpinb2+ cells have reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-7, IL-12, IL-15) and increased expression of IL-10, TGFβ1, and CCL17 compared with normal MCs. Functionally, the presence of CAMC^Serpinb2+ cells correlates with accelerated tumor growth, reduced CD4⁺ T and B cell infiltration, an expanded Treg population, and ultimately resistance to combination immunotherapy in a syngeneic mouse model of ovarian cancer.

These findings identify CAMCs as central regulators of immune suppression in ovarian cancer and reveal a distinct SERPINB2⁺ immunosuppressive CAMC state associated with tumor progression and immunotherapy resistance. Targeting CAMCs may represent a promising therapeutic strategy to restore antitumor immunity and improve responses to current ovarian cancer treatments and immunotherapies.

Circulating tumor antigens (ctA; tumor markers) are blood-based proteins that can offer prognostic value in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and may serve as potential early surrogates for survival. Given the significantly reduced testing time and cost of ctA compared with circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), we further explored the utility of ctA using samples collected from over 2,300 patients participating in five clinical trials (IMpower130, 131, 132, 150, and 110).

We analyzed a panel of six ctA (CA125 (cancer antigen 125), CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen), Cyfra21-1 (cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1; CYFRA), NSE (neuron-specific enolase), SCC (squamous cell carcinoma antigen), and ProGRP (progastrin-releasing peptide)) and CRP (C-reactive protein) from the serum of patients with metastatic NSCLC in these trials, which investigated combinations of atezolizumab (anti-programmed death-ligand 1)±bevacizumab±chemotherapy. Previous work showed that an optimized cut-off using two ctA or a machine learning (ML) model of ctDNA features, both taken at 6 weeks, can stratify patients with stable disease (SD) for survival risk in IMpower150. Building on this approach, we applied an ML model combining ctA features at baseline and at 6 weeks, trained across a much larger aggregate dataset from multiple clinical studies.

Previous findings from ctA analysis of IMpower150 were confirmed and found to be applicable to several other trials analyzed in this study. We found that ML model predictions provided similar prognostic performance (c-index of 0.73 and 0.71 in squamous and non-squamous test datasets, respectively), with CYFRA being the top feature for both histologies.

While ctA demonstrated limited potential in differentiating treatment effects to inform early drug development, deriving an optimal prediction cut-off for 1-year overall survival (OS) showed that ctA model predictions could effectively stratify patients by radiographic response with 61% sensitivity and 78% specificity, adding significant prognostic value to radiographic imaging. Patients with partial response (PR), progressive disease (PD), or stable disease (SD) at either 6 weeks of treatment or best confirmed overall response could be separated into low-risk or high-risk groups for OS.