Advances in systemic cancer therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and anti-angiogenic agents have markedly improved survival in patients with solid and hematologic malignancies. As survivorship increases, oral rehabilitation with dental implants is increasingly sought to restore quality of life. However, these therapies may adversely affect bone healing, angiogenesis, and immune regulation, raising concerns regarding implant-related complications. This systematic review aimed to evaluate reported dental implant outcomes and complications in patients receiving novel systemic cancer therapies, emphasizing the implications for supportive oncology.

This review was conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251142681). PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library were searched for English-language clinical reports describing dental implant outcomes in patients treated with ICIs, TKIs, or anti-angiogenic agents. Study selection, data extraction, and quality appraisal using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for case reports were performed independently by two reviewers.

Seven case reports (2017-2024) were included, representing Level IV evidence. Two cases involving TKIs reported successful osseointegration and long-term survival. In contrast, five cases described adverse outcomes including early failure and MRONJ predominantly associated with anti-angiogenic agents, either alone or in combination with ICIs and antiresorptive agents. These complications often resulted in significant functional morbidity and the need for invasive surgical intervention.

Based on limited case report evidence, anti-angiogenic therapies were more frequently observed in cases with adverse outcomes, including implant-related MRONJ and failure, while TKIs were associated with favorable outcomes in limited cases. The role of ICIs remains unclear due to sparse data, particularly regarding monotherapy effects. Given the preliminary nature of current evidence derived from case reports, prospective studies with appropriate control groups are urgently needed to establish evidence-based guidelines.

CRD420251142681; 08/09/2025.

To assess the benefit of night-time compression in addition to daytime compression on arm excess volume after 3 months of maintenance treatment in patients with secondary upper limb breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL).

This multicenter, controlled, randomized study was carried out in six centers in France and Turkey. Women with upper limb BCRL who had undergone the intensive phase of decongestive lymphedema therapy (DLT) were randomized into two groups: the Control group wore a daytime compression sleeve without any night compression for 3 months and the MOBIDERM Autofit (MobA) group used a night-time compression sleeve in addition to the daytime compression. The primary outcome was the change in arm excess volume between day 0 (D0) and D90. The main secondary endpoints were: quality of life (QoL), sleep quality, skin thickness and suppleness, satisfaction, compliance, and safety.

Fifty-six patients were recruited (mean (± SD) age: 61.4 ± 12.3 years). Between D0 and D90, the mean excess volume decreased by 29.2% in the MobA group and increased by 10.7% in the Control group (p = 0.001). Only 3.6% of patients in the MobA group presented with treatment failure vs. 23.1% in the Control group. At D90, patients in the MobA group had a significantly greater improvement in QoL (p < 0.05), sleep quality (p = 0.018), skin suppleness (p = 0.01) reduced skin thickness (p = 0.025) compared with the Control group.

MOBIDERM Autofit used in addition to daytime compression for 3 months during the maintenance phase after DLT was superior to daytime compression alone for the reduction of arm excess volume. Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04203069; 17/12/2019).

To investigate mammographic features associated with high artificial intelligence (AI) risk scores as provided by two AI models applied to screening mammograms.

This retrospective study included 130,031 screening mammograms from 42,371 women attending BreastScreen Norway, 2008-2018. Two AI models (A and B) developed for cancer detection on screening mammograms were applied. An informed radiological review was conducted for mammograms within the highest 5% of AI risk scores by both models in two study samples: (1) High AI risk score, but no breast cancer detected within 6 years (n = 120), and (2) High AI risk score in mammograms with screen-detected cancers (n = 120). Mammographic density (BI-RADS a-d), features (mass, spiculated mass, asymmetry, architectural distortion, calcification alone, and density with calcification), and radiologists' interpretation scores (1-5) were analyzed descriptively.

Mammographic density was higher in sample 1 compared to sample 2 (BI-RADS d: 11% vs 3%, respectively). In sample 1, calcifications alone were the most frequent AI-marked feature (model A: 72%; model B: 68%), predominantly with amorphous morphology and a cluster distribution, and 76% were interpreted as benign by the radiologists (interpretation score 1). In sample 2, a spiculated mass was the most frequent mammographic feature among the screen-detected cancers (29%).

Mammograms assigned high AI risk scores exhibit distinct features depending on screening outcome. Systematic characterization of these features may help refine AI thresholds, improve specificity, reduce AI false-positive findings, and decrease the recall rate in breast cancer screening.

Question Knowledge about mammographic features associated with high AI risk scores is essential for distinguishing cancer from non-cancer cases. Findings Calcifications were the dominant feature in non-cancers in screening mammograms with high AI risk score, whereas spiculated mass was the most frequent feature among cancers. Clinical relevance Calcifications in non-cancer screening mammograms with a high AI risk score were frequently interpreted as benign or probably benign by radiologists. This knowledge may help refine AI thresholds and thereby improve specificity and reduce false-positive results in mammographic screening.

Telepresence enables real-time observation and remote mentoring across distances, potentially accelerating the dissemination of advanced minimally invasive techniques. The da Vinci 5 platform integrates Telepresence within the My Intuitive digital ecosystem, facilitating remote case observation, collaboration, and mentoring.

This technology paper reports an international telepresence session in which an expert colorectal robotic surgeon located in Daegu, Republic of Korea, provided real-time remote mentoring during a robot-assisted colorectal procedure performed in Saitama, Japan. A representative clinical implementation involved a patient with rectosigmoid cancer (clinical stage T1bN0M0) and obesity (BMI 30.1 kg/m²). The telepresence-mentored segment focused on the most technically demanding phase: peritoneal incision, dissection around the superior rectal artery (SRA), and vascular handling.

The mentored phase lasted 40 min. During this segment, the remote mentor provided step-by-step guidance on exposure strategy, traction direction, and plane selection. Additionally, console-integrated objective force visualization ("Force Gauge") was used as a shared reference to optimize retraction. The operation was completed without intraoperative complications (operative time: 214 min; estimated blood loss: 5 mL).

These findings demonstrate the feasibility of cross-border telepresence mentoring on the da Vinci 5 platform. Coupling remote mentoring with objective intraoperative force feedback may improve shared situational awareness and support safe decision-making during complex robotic colorectal surgery.

The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is increasing, and human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated OPSCC is contributing substantially to this trend. Salivary HPV testing enables early detection of HPV-driven OPSCC. The GeneXpert system (Cepheid) is an automated polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic platform designed primarily for cervical cancer screening using vaginal swabs. Our goal was to adapt this platform for HPV testing using salivary oral rinse (SOR) samples to enable early detection of HPV-driven OPSCC.

Patients suspected of having any type of head and neck cancers and people at higher risk of acquiring HPV infections were recruited (n = 67). A volume of 5 to 10 mL of SOR samples was tested using the GeneXpert system. Genomic DNA was extracted from the same SOR samples and analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR for human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16). The detection status of HPV-16 was used to evaluate the efficiency of HPV detection using the GeneXpert system.

The GeneXpert system had excellent specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 72.09%. There was strong agreement with quantitative real-time PCR results (κ = .649). This confirms the suitability of SOR as a sample medium on the GeneXpert system to detect oral HPV with minimal bias.

The GeneXpert system can effectively detect HPV in SOR samples. It offers rapid HPV detection, helps identify people at high risk of developing HPV-associated OPSCC, thereby holding promise for the early detection of HPV-driven OPSCC.

The results of this study showed the feasibility of using SOR samples on the GeneXpert platform as a scalable, noninvasive screening approach for the early detection of patients at higher risk of developing HPV-associated OPSCC.

To explore the clinical phenotypes and genetic characteristics of two patients with Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) due to variants of MUTYH gene.

Two patients presenting with multiple colorectal polyps on gastrointestinal endoscopy at Xinxiang Central Hospital respectively in June and October 2022 were selected as study subjects. A retrospective study design was employed to collect their clinical data and summarize their clinical and genetic features. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was carried out for both patients. Candidate variants were validated by Sanger sequencing of their family members. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted for the candidate variants. Pathogenicity of the variants was assessed based on the guidelines from American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the hospital [Ethics No.: 2024-282-01 (K)].

Patient 1 was a 7-year-old girl who presented with "pigmentation on the lips, buccal mucosa, hard palate, eyelids and fingers for 5 years." Colonoscopy revealed multiple colonic polyps. WES revealed that she has harbored compound heterozygous variants of the MUTYH gene, namely c.857G>A (p.Gly286Glu) and c.1118C>T (p.Ala373Val), which were inherited from her mother and father, respectively. Based on the ACMG guidelines, the variants were classified as pathogenic (PS4+PM1+PM2_Supporting+PP3) and variant of uncertain significance (VUS) (PM2_Supporting+PP3), respectively. Patient 2 was a 42-year-old male who presented with "increased frequency of bowel movements for 2 month." Colonoscopy revealed multiple colorectal polyps. WES revealed that he has harbored compound heterozygous variants of the MUTYH gene, namely c.53C>T (p.Pro18Leu) and c.880C>T (p.Arg294Cys), which were inherited from his father and mother, respectively. Based on the ACMG guidelines, the variants were classified as likely pathogenic (PS4+PM1+PM2_Supporting+PP3) and VUS (PM2_Supporting+PM1), respectively.

Compound heterozygous variants of the MUTYH gene probably underlay the pathogenesis of FAP in these patients. Above findings have enriched the mutational spectrum of the MUTYH gene.

A core screening, assessment and outcome set is needed in cancer prehabilitation to standardise what is measured in both research and services. Currently, there is significant variation in measures used, which limits comparability between studies and evidence synthesis. Standardising measures will improve the quality, comparability and impact of research by reducing heterogeneity between studies, minimising reporting bias, improving trial efficiency, enabling data synthesis into large datasets, supporting international collaboration and data sharing, and accelerating the implementation of best practices.

An international Delphi consensus process will be conducted involving patients, healthcare professionals and researchers to identify screening, assessment and outcomes and their corresponding measurement instruments, to be included in a core set. The study consists of three phases: (1) A scoping review to identify screening, assessment and outcomes and associated measurement instruments currently used in cancer prehabilitation. (2) At least two rounds of a modified Delphi survey to prioritise the identified screening, assessment and outcomes using a 1-9 Likert scale. Consensus will be defined across stakeholder groups using prespecified thresholds. A consensus meeting will be held if agreement is not reached. (3) Measurement instruments corresponding to each retained screening, assessment and outcome will be assessed for quality for measurement properties and feasibility. Further Delphi rounds will be conducted to reach consensus on the most appropriate measurement instrument for each core screening, assessment and outcome.

The study has ethical approval (Ref: 25/NW/0159). Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations, stakeholder networks and made publicly available via the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials database.

Childhood cancer presents significant challenges in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), as survival rates remain substantially low. Supportive care, including nutritional support and infection prevention plus management, is crucial in improving outcomes of childhood cancer patients. To develop evidence-based interventions improving supportive care and survival, insight is needed into local prevalences of malnutrition, colonisation and infections, their association with clinical outcomes and the attitude of parents or legal guardians towards nutritional care and infection prevention. The overall aim of this prospective cohort study is to identify modifiable nutritional and infection-related determinants of clinical outcomes at 6 months in children with cancer (1-15 years of age) treated with curative intent at the Paediatric Oncology ward of the Shoe4Africa Children's Hospital at the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Eldoret, Kenya.

We will conduct a prospective cohort study on 150 children aged 1-15 years who are newly diagnosed with cancer and treated with curative intent. During 6 months of follow-up, we will collect clinical data, perform nutritional assessments and monitor pathogen exposure, colonisation and infections. Parents or legal guardians will receive one questionnaire to assess attitudes towards supportive care. Six-month mortality is the primary outcome. Other outcomes include the prevalence and characteristics of malnutrition, rectal colonisation with bacterial and fungal pathogens, infections and neutropenic fever episodes. Statistical analyses will include descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, logistic regression and thematic analysis.

The Institutional Research and Ethics Committee has approved the study protocol (FAN: 0004674, protocol version 1.0). Informed consent from parents or legal guardians and assent from children ≥12 years will be obtained. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, presentations at academic conferences and engagement with local and national policymakers and stakeholders. Data from this study could guide the development of locally informed, evidence-based supportive care interventions, with the ultimate goal to improve overall survival for children with cancer in LMICs.

Short-term fasting reshapes the metabolic landscape of the tumor microenvironment, creating a transient window of altered nutrient availability that cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells can exploit. Chen and colleagues report that intratumoral isoleucine accumulation during fasting supports T cell effector programs, enhancing responses to immune checkpoint blockade in mice and humans.

Current therapies for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) provide modest benefit. Activating RAS mutations occur in more than 90% of PDAC tumors. Daraxonrasib (RMC-6236) is an oral RAS(ON) multiselective inhibitor that targets guanosine triphosphate-bound mutant and wild-type RAS.

In this phase 1-2 study, we evaluated daraxonrasib in patients with advanced solid tumors with activating RAS mutations. Patients received 10 to 400 mg of daraxonrasib orally once daily; 300 mg was selected as the phase 3 dose. The primary end point was safety. Pharmacokinetics and antitumor activity were secondary end points. This report focuses on the 168 study patients with previously treated RAS-mutated PDAC.

Among the 168 patients with PDAC who received daraxonrasib at a dose of 300 mg or less, treatment-related adverse events of any grade were reported in 96%; such events of grade 3 or higher were reported in 30%. Treatment-related adverse events that occurred in at least 10% of the patients included rash, diarrhea, nausea, stomatitis or mucositis, vomiting, and fatigue. In a subgroup of 26 patients with RAS G12 mutations who were treated with second-line daraxonrasib at a dose of 300 mg, an objective response to therapy was reported in 35% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17 to 56). The median duration of response was 8.2 months (95% CI, 3.8 to not evaluable), with median values of 8.5 months for progression-free survival and 13.1 months for overall survival. Among the 38 patients with RAS G12, G13, or Q61 mutations, 29% (95% CI, 15 to 46) had an objective response. The median duration of response was 8.2 months (95% CI, 3.8 to 8.8), with median values of 8.1 months for progression-free survival and 15.6 months for overall survival.

Daraxonrasib was associated with treatment-related adverse events of grade 3 or higher in one third of patients with previously treated RAS-mutated PDAC; antitumor activity was also reported. (Funded by Revolution Medicines; RMC-6236-001 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05379985.).