Over the last 30 years, the global incidence and prevalence of gambling disorder (GD) have risen, with particularly high risk associated with slot machine gambling. Win-contingent audiovisual stimuli are considered a key mechanism that may promote risky decision-making during gambling.

This study aimed to investigate whether win‑contingent audiovisual cues modulate risky decision-making and neural responses during a virtual slot-machine task in healthy volunteers.

In a randomized cross-over design, N = 20 right-handed healthy volunteers completed a virtual slot-machine paradigm with and without win-contingent audiovisual cues. We compared risky versus safe choices and expected value (EV)-consistent versus EV-inconsistent decisions and examined differential fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) activation during decision and feedback phases using Flexible factorial models. This study was pre-registered in the German clinical trials database: DRKS00021178 on 03.04.2020.

Win‑contingent audiovisual cues did not significantly affect the frequency of high-risk versus low-risk choices or EV-consistent versus EV-inconsistent decisions. In the feedback phase, wins (vs. losses and near wins) elicited robust activation in hippocampal, parietal, frontal and insular regions. Compared with the uncued version, the cued version was associated with reduced activation in temporal, thalamic, parietal and insular cortices during win feedback, particularly for EV-consistent decisions.

Win-contingent audiovisual cues modulated neural responses to gambling outcomes in healthy individuals without detectable changes in choice behavior. These neural differences indicate altered processing of gambling-related stimuli, their cognitive and behavioral significance remains uncertain.

As interest in psychedelic-assisted therapies grows ahead of regulatory standardization, mental health nursing stands at a critical clinical and professional inflection point. This state-of-the-science review examines psychedelic-assisted therapies through a mental health nursing lens and advocates for the formal recognition of psychedelic nursing as a specialty with defined competencies, training pathways, and professional standards. Emerging evidence from neurobiology, empirical data, policy, and patient experience literature was synthesized alongside nursing scope of practice, ethics, and models of care. The evidence demonstrates that psychedelic-assisted therapies occur within structured phases in which therapeutic outcomes are influenced not only by pharmacologic effects but also by relational presence, the therapeutic environment, and meaning-making. These interventions appear to enhance neuroplasticity, emotional processing, and memory reconsolidation, particularly among individuals with treatment-resistant mental health conditions, while qualitative evidence highlights the importance of patients' subjective and lived experiences. Mental health nurses are uniquely positioned to promote safety, optimize therapeutic outcomes, and reduce harm throughout the continuum of care. However, substantial gaps remain in standardized education, role delineation, and nursing leadership in research and implementation. Safe, equitable, and scalable integration of psychedelic-assisted therapies will require specialty recognition, competency-based education, certification pathways, and greater nursing leadership in protocol development, research, and policy. A nursing-informed, evidence-based framework has the potential to strengthen interdisciplinary care while ensuring ethical, patient-centred, and trauma-informed practice.

This study examined the relationships among measures of subjective and objective sleep-related quality of life (SRQOL), health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and care recipient functioning in caregivers of persons with traumatic brain injury (PwTBI).

This secondary analysis utilized data from a 6-month randomized controlled trial conducted at two academic medical centers. The sample included 257 informal caregivers of PwTBI, who completed monthly survey assessments and continuous wrist actigraphy monitoring. Objective SRQOL was measured as average sleep duration and variability via actigraphy; subjective SRQOL was measured using PROMIS Fatigue and Sleep-Related Impairment. HRQOL was assessed with established caregiver and general health measures.

Caregivers (n = 228) slept a mean of 6.8 hr per night, with a mean within-month night-to-night variability of approximately 1.4 hr. Objective and subjective SRQOL were weakly correlated (r = -.02-.28), and neither was strongly associated with care recipient functioning. However, subjective sleep impairment and fatigue were highly correlated (r = .84) and showed moderate to high associations with most measures of HRQOL (r > .40). Linear mixed-effects models indicated that greater between-subjects sleep variability, but not sleep duration, was associated with worse global physical and mental health.

These findings highlight the need to further examine the relationship between sleep variability and HRQOL in caregivers of PwTBI. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Damage to the primary visual cortex (V1) causes field defects in conscious vision, yet stimuli in the affected field may still guide saccades and other visuomotor responses ("blindsight"). Chronic blindsight is well documented, but early postlesional saccade profiles to scotoma stimuli remain poorly characterized. We mapped visuomotor functions in two macaques 3 to 4 weeks after a unilateral V1 lesion using a perimetry-like saccade assay up to 35° eccentricity, with analyses of saccade direction and catch-trial baselines. Targets had either unpredictable onset, as in clinical perimetry, or temporally cued onset. With unpredictable onsets, monkeys typically failed to initiate movements toward the affected hemifield, and correct saccades to scotoma targets were rare. Temporal cueing increased saccade initiation toward contralesional targets, including positions meeting conventional criteria for blindness, primarily as delayed saccades with initial misdirection or multistep trajectories. A scotoma-related spatial bias, largely independent of the target, was evident in catch-trial and misdirected saccades, whereas a minority of delayed ("out-of-time") saccades reached toward the target location without meeting the temporal criterion. Fine-grained saccade phenotyping may offer a sensitive marker of residual visuomotor processing after V1 damage in monkeys and, potentially, humans.

This paper explored (1) older adults' perceptions of age-friendly environments in China and (2) how participation in activities and services within these environments influenced their social relationships.

Twenty-nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with Chinese residents aged 55 and older, who had no history of brain structural changes or severe mental health conditions, and resided in their current community for at least one year. Data were analyzed using applied thematic analysis.

Four themes were identified: (1) Age-friendly environments as supportive spaces for older adults, promoting social inclusion and community engagement; (2) Positive impacts on social wellbeing, including increased social interaction and reduced feelings of loneliness; (3) Joy derived from participation in activities, fostering positive emotions and a sense of being loved; and (4) Limited changes to the structure of social relationships, due to superficial interactions with familiar peers, limited opportunities for new connections, and practical constraints related to resources and mobility.

This study emphasizes the need for policies that promote diverse social activities to foster meaningful connections and enhance community participation. Addressing resource and mobility constraints through funding for transportation, outreach programs, and accessible venues is essential.

New-onset mental health (MH) conditions are a concern for patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Patients with pre-existing MH conditions have been observed to experience poorer postoperative outcomes.

Patients with pre-existing MH diagnoses would report poorer outcomes after ACL reconstruction, and non-sport-related injuries would be associated with a greater incidence of new MH diagnoses.

Retrospective cohort study.

Level 3.

Adults undergoing ACL reconstruction between October 2016 and October 2023 at a large university-affiliated practice were included. Patients completed the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) before surgery, and at multiple postoperative timepoints. MH diagnoses included anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, and other psychiatric conditions documented through medications, International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision codes or chart notes. Continuous and categorical variables were compared using appropriate univariate tests, and mixed-model linear regression was used to compare patient-reported outcomes over time while controlling for patient sex.

Out of 365 patients undergoing ACL reconstruction, 50 (13.7%) had a pre-existing MH diagnosis (mean age, 36.42; 84.0% female). Groups did not differ on any scale at baseline except PROMIS Mental Health, which was lower among patients with a pre-existing MH diagnosis (47.3 vs 53.6; P < 0.001). The MH Group reported significantly worse KOOS scores at 2 weeks postoperatively, but no differences were observed thereafter. Among 315 patients without previous history of MH disorder (mean age, 32.90; 52.7% female), 8 (2.5%) developed a new MH diagnosis at 1-year follow-up. Patients aged ≤25 years demonstrated significantly higher baseline KOOS scores than patients >25 years. Among 294 sport-related injuries and 71 non-sport-related injuries, non-sport-related injuries were associated with lower baseline KOOS and PROMIS scores, and higher incidence of new MH diagnoses (7% vs 1.6%; P = 0.02).

No differences in KOOS outcomes beyond 2 weeks were found between patients with and without a pre-existing MH condition. Furthermore, non-sport-related injuries were associated with a higher rate of new MH diagnoses.

These findings may help clinicians identify patients who could benefit from additional support during recovery.

Antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) significantly impact patient adherence and treatment outcomes in schizophrenia. While genetic susceptibility to EPS has been recognized, rare mutations influencing dopamine regulation remain underexplored. We report a case of a 43-year-old woman with atypical psychosis who developed severe EPS following olanzapine treatment, despite its lower propensity. Genetic testing revealed a heterozygous duplication in the PRKRA gene, a key regulator of stress response pathways and movement control. This finding underscores the role of individualized pharmacogenomics in optimizing care. Additionally, allopurinol augmentation in this case suggests a novel therapeutic approach for neuroleptic sensitivity, leveraging its antioxidative and neuroprotective properties.

Parenting programs grounded in social learning (SL) and attachment theory are widely implemented, yet few trials have directly compared their effects across multiple parenting domains in community contexts. This study examined the relative effectiveness of an SL-based program (Triple P - Level 4 Group) and an attachment-based program (Circle of Security - Parenting, COS-P) against treatment-as-usual (TAU) when delivered online through community agencies.

A three-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted across four community organizations in Ontario, Canada. Caregivers of children aged 2-6 years (N = 502) were randomized (1:1:1) to Triple P, COS-P, or TAU. Primary outcomes were child behavioral difficulties (SDQ-Total) and parental overreactivity with post-intervention, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes included parental attributions, parenting stress, and caregiver mental health. Analyses followed an intention-to-treat framework using mixed-effects models (ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT04702191).

Relative to TAU, Triple P demonstrated significant short-term reductions in emotional symptoms and conduct problems, and immediate improvements in hostile and helpless parenting and anxiety; however, most between-group effects did not persist beyond post-intervention. Effects on total child behavior problems at 12 months were no longer significant after correction for multiple testing. Improvements in parental attributions were sustained at 12 months. COS-P differed from TAU on only one outcome, at one time point. Within-group improvements in child behavior, dysfunctional parenting, and caregiver mood were observed in TAU, with COS-P and Triple P showing similar trends. Exploratory analyses suggested broader benefits for Triple P relative to COS-P.

Triple P demonstrated selective short-term benefits relative to TAU across child behavioral and parenting outcomes, with sustained effects limited to parental attributions. COS-P showed no measurable effects relative to TAU. These findings highlight the importance of behavioral management and self-regulation components and point to the need for further research examining contextual moderators, maintenance strategies, and sustainable delivery approaches, including digital formats.

Childhood abuse is a known risk factor for adult psychopathology. The associations between childhood physical abuse (PA) and sexual abuse (SA) and adult psychopathology are more widely documented than those involving childhood emotional abuse (EA). We conducted a multilevel meta-analysis to examine how adult psychopathology relates to childhood EA in comparison to childhood PA and SA. Six electronic databases were searched to identify studies reporting associations between childhood EA, PA, and SA and adult psychopathology symptoms, and 414 effect sizes from 104 studies were analyzed. Results from 113,673 participants revealed that EA, PA, and SA were all significantly associated with adult psychopathology (r = 0.34, r = 0.25, and r = 0.23, respectively), and a key strength was that associations were estimated while statistically controlling for co-occurring abuse types. EA demonstrated the strongest association with several psychiatric syndromes, most notably depressive, anxiety, personality, psychotic, and substance use syndromes, across populations and settings. These associations were not moderated by demographics, sample source, diagnostic system, or assessment measure. Because studies relied on retrospective self-report and cross-sectional designs, findings should be interpreted cautiously. Nevertheless, findings challenge the perception that EA is less harmful than PA and SA. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).