Migrants and refugees experience a higher prevalence of mental disorders than host populations, and language discordance undermines care from help-seeking through diagnosis, adherence and outcomes. The WHO Refugee and Migrant Health: Global Competency Standards for Health Workers set broad behavioural expectations for individual health workers but do not operationalise language-discordant care, leaving clinicians and administrators without measurable standards.

To develop an international, consensus-based competency framework for healthcare professionals working in language-discordant mental health care, paired with a priority-versus-feasibility gap analysis to direct policy investment.

We conducted an international modified e-Delphi study between May and October 2025, reported in accordance with the ACCORD and CONFERD-HP guidelines. Evidence-derived items, organised into five domains and stratified for healthcare providers and administrators, were rated for priority and feasibility; consensus required at least 75% "Mandatory" agreement.

In Round 1, 101 experts from 24 countries participated; 51 (50.5%) completed Round 2 with non-differential attrition, and 16 ratified borderline items in Round 3. Seventy-six items reached consensus across People-Centred Care (19), Communication (27), Collaboration (6), Evidence-Informed Practice (7) and Personal Conduct (17). The widest gaps fell in systemic, infrastructure-dependent competencies, including 24-hour interpreter access and interpreter-coincident scheduling (mean gap 29.6 percentage points; 33 items >30 points).

This first international competency framework defines the reciprocal behaviours clinicians and administrators must meet in language-discordant (mental) health care. Paired with a gap analysis, it offers a behaviourally specific basis for training and accreditation and shows where policy investment is most needed.

Visiting 'third places' outside of the home or workplace is associated with better health. For mid-to-older adults, visiting third places provides opportunities for social connectedness and physical activity that can support healthy ageing. We aimed to identify factors associated with visiting third places for social or physical activities, to understand how mid-to-older adults interact with places (e.g., green spaces, amenities) and inform interventions promoting social connectedness and physical activity.

Adults aged 55-75 years (n = 140) completed a social network and place visiting survey, reporting 475 visits to 368 unique places. Road network distance was calculated for all person-place combinations. Bayesian cross-classified multilevel logistic regression models were used to identify the person and place characteristics associated with whether a person visited a place (i.e., a person-place tie).

Larger social networks and more co-engagement in physical activity were associated with a greater probability of visiting third places. Better mental health significantly moderated the association between place proximity and place visiting. Higher loneliness significantly moderated the association between place type and place visiting, indicating that people with higher loneliness were more likely to visit public infrastructure such as libraries and community centres.

Policy initiatives should consider the accessibility of walkable places. In particular, mental health may act as a more significant barrier to access than geographic distance. Access to community resources, such as libraries and community centres, may be particularly important for mid-to-older adults experiencing loneliness. Interventions should aim to promote social participation in a range of accessible third places.

To describe perinatal mental health outcomes among people with intellectual disability giving birth in New South Wales, Australia.

This retrospective, descriptive cohort study included 30,257 people (2262 people with intellectual disability and 27,995 comparators without intellectual disability) aged 10+ years, discharged from New South Wales hospitals between 2002 and 2017 following a live singleton birth. We used administrative data from emergency departments, hospitals, ambulatory mental health services, Medicare-subsidised services and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. We defined the overall perinatal period as 140 days before to 365 days after birth. We also examined outcomes within four specific timeframes: 140 days to birth, 1-42, 43-90 and 91-365 days after birth.

Across the overall perinatal period, people with intellectual disability who gave birth had greater risk of having at least one mental health emergency department presentation (risk ratio = 7.01 (5.78-8.50)), mental health hospital admission (risk ratio = 8.97 (7.54-10.67)), ambulatory mental health service contact (risk ratio = 5.55 (4.90-6.28)) and Medicare-subsidised mental health service contact (risk ratio = 1.99 (1.82-2.16)) than comparators. The most common diagnoses among people with intellectual disability were mood (12.6%; risk ratio = 3.83 (3.38-4.35)) and anxiety, stress-related and somatoform disorders (11.9%; risk ratio = 3.62 (3.19-4.12)). People with intellectual disability were more likely to be dispensed antipsychotics (risk ratio = 9.29 (7.74-11.16)), anxiolytics (risk ratio = 3.03 (2.44-3.76)), hypnotics/sedatives (risk ratio = 2.08 (1.55-2.78)), antidepressants (risk ratio = 2.30 (2.13-2.49)) and psychostimulants (risk ratio = 4.00 (2.03-7.89)).

Our findings show elevated use of mental health services by people with intellectual disability in the perinatal period and underscore the need for accessible and adequately equipped acute and community-based mental health services.

To identify the psychosocial interventions delivered to healthy siblings of children with cancer, characterize their targeted outcomes, and determine their clinical effectiveness through meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines. Six databases were searched through December 2, 2025. Randomized controlled, non-randomized controlled, quasi-experimental, and single-group pre-post intervention studies were eligible. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane RoB 2 and ROBINS-I. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed, with sensitivity analyses stratified by study design and overall risk of bias.

Twenty-two studies involving 1194 healthy siblings from 11 countries were included; 16 contributed to at least one meta-analysis (anxiety, n = 10; depressive symptoms, n = 9; quality of life, n = 6; trauma-related symptoms, n = 3). Interventions were mainly group-based and incorporated psychoeducation and cognitive-behavioral components across hospital, home, rehabilitation, and camp settings. Interventions were associated with reduced anxiety (Hedges' g = -0.442, p < .001), depressive symptoms (g = -0.231, p < .001), and trauma-related symptoms (g = -0.433, p < .001), and improved child self-reported quality of life (g = 0.350, p < .001). Parent-proxy quality of life also improved (g = 0.212, p = .003). Effect estimates were generally consistent across study-design and risk-of-bias strata.

Psychosocial interventions were associated with improved psychological outcomes and quality of life, with the most consistent effect observed for anxiety. Because many included studies used single-group pre-post designs, findings primarily quantify observed change rather than establish causal efficacy.

Structured, evidence-based psychosocial programs involving nursing and mental health professionals may strengthen supportive care for healthy siblings of children with cancer.

Sexual dysfunction (SD) is a frequent adverse effect of antidepressants, affecting 20%-70% of patients. Although some studies have examined serotonergic, dopaminergic, and glutamatergic gene variants, results remain inconclusive. Given the role of inflammatory cytokines in antidepressant response, their genetic variants may also influence SD. The aim of this study is to investigate associations between inflammatory cytokine gene variants and antidepressant-induced SD.

A total of 99 Caucasian patients (51 women, 48 men) in remission or with mild depressive or anxiety symptoms and receiving stable SSRI or SNRI monotherapy were recruited. Participants completed a semistructured interview, clinical assessments, and the Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire (PRSexDQ-SALSEX). DNA samples were genotyped for 61 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 9 cytokine-related genes (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-6R, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, TNF-α, IFN-γ). Analyses included linear and logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, antidepressant type, dose, and treatment duration. Primary endpoints included the presence and severity of SD, with secondary outcomes focusing on associations between specific SNPs and SD subdomains.

SD was reported by 78.8% of participants, and 57.6% experienced moderate-to-severe impairment; 60.8% did not report symptoms spontaneously. Significant associations were found between SD and polymorphisms in TNF-α, IL-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18. The TNF-α rs1799724-T allele was associated with a lower risk of SD, particularly delayed orgasm and absence of orgasm, whereas rs1799964-C was associated with an increased risk. The rs361525-A variant showed a protective effect against decreased libido. A TNF-α haplotype (rs1799724-T, rs1799964-T, rs1800629-G, rs3093664-A, rs361525-G) was inversely related to SD scores. IL-2 rs3136534-G increased SD risk, whereas rs1479923-A was protective. IL-1β haplotypes were associated with reduced sexual desire and dysfunction.

This study provides novel evidence linking inflammatory cytokine gene variants, especially TNF-α, to antidepressant-induced SD. These findings support further research into immune-genetic mechanisms underlying antidepressant-associated sexual adverse effects.

Sex differences in verbal memory (VM) are well documented in schizophrenia spectrum disorders, with women typically outperforming men, especially in early illness stages. A previous genome-wide association study identified the SNP rs9896243 in the NSF gene as linked to VM performance in the general population. Here, we investigate its role in a family-based first-episode psychosis (FEP) cohort, focusing on interactions with sex and diagnostic status.

A total of 486 participants completed the Spanish version of Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). Mixed-effects models assessed associations between rs9896243 genotypes and VM outcomes, testing interactions by sex and clinical status. Variant functional annotation was carried out using the Variant Effect Predictor, with integrated eQTL and sQTL information derived from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project and gene enrichment analysis.

Female C-allele carriers in the control and sibling groups showed significantly higher scores in immediate, short-delay, and long-delay recall tasks compared to males. However, this female advantage was not observed in FEP patients. Notably, male FEP patients carrying the C allele demonstrated the most pronounced recognition deficits. Functional annotation data implicated brain-region-specific regulation of ARL17A, MAPT, CRHR1, and KANSL1, genes involved in memory-related pathways.

Our findings extend previous genomic data identifying the role of NSF gene in VM performance by showing a sex-specific genetic influence of rs9896243 that differs between FEP patients and unaffected individuals, with female C-allele carriers outside the FEP group showing a better cognitive performance Although the functional annotations are exploratory and should be considered hypothesis-generating, they suggest that rs9896243 plays a role in brain regulatory networks essential for cognitive function, with potential implications for sex-informed early detection strategies in psychosis.

Depression is highly prevalent among emerging adults (ages 18-29), a developmental phase marked by identity exploration, instability, and major life transitions. Despite evidence linking work conditions to mental health, the role of work-related factors in depression during emerging adulthood has received limited longitudinal attention.

The present study investigated risk and protective factors associated with depressive symptoms at the end of a three-year longitudinal study, with a particular focus on work-related experiences. At baseline, 1209 participants (M = 23.77 years) reported life satisfaction, work characteristics, occupational identity, and demographic variables. Follow-up measurements across four annual waves included work-related self-efficacy, coping with work-related stress, and critical life events. Depressive symptoms were assessed at the final wave (N = 954) using the CES-D scale. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses evaluated the incremental contribution of risk and protective factors.

Baseline life satisfaction emerged as a negative correlate of later depressive symptoms. Work-related stress as well as identity-related factors, i.e. ruminative exploration and perceived instability, were significantly positively associated with depression scores three years later. Critical life events were also positively linked to later depressive symptoms. Whereas avoidant coping was related to higher depression, active coping and work-related self-efficacy were associated with lower depressive symptoms. Logistic regression analyses using clinical CES-D cut-offs confirmed the robustness of avoidant coping as a key factor.

Although the absence of baseline depression measures warrants the interpretations of all associations as correlational and not causal, the findings highlight the importance of work-related stress, identity processes, life satisfaction, and coping styles for mental health during emerging adulthood. Interventions targeting adaptive coping and self-efficacy may help mitigate depression risk during this developmental transition.

Mild depressive symptoms are more prevalent than threshold-level symptoms of depression. However, there is limited epidemiologic and clinical data among veterans for mild depressive symptoms. We examined the prevalence, correlates, and psychiatric and functional burden of mild depressive symptoms among older U.S. veterans. We analyzed data cross-sectionally from 2979 older veterans (age 60+) who participated in the nationally representative National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 and categorized as none, mild, or a positive PHQ-2 screen. Weighted analyses and multivariable regression models examined associations with psychiatric disorders, suicidal behaviors, and functional measures. We found mild depressive symptoms (18.2%) were 4-times more prevalent than a positive PHQ-2 screen (4.3%) and associated with substantially elevated odds of psychiatric and substance use disorders and suicidal behaviors. Greater depressive symptom severity was associated with progressively higher levels of psychiatric and functional burden. Mild depressive symptoms are prevalent and associated with significant psychiatric and functional burden among older U.S. veterans, underscoring importance of further assessment, monitoring, and evaluation if early interventions can improve outcomes.