Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet the molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. Programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4), originally identified as a tumor suppressor and inhibitor of eIF4A-dependent translation, has emerged as a cardiovascular stress-response node. Accumulating evidence indicates that PDCD4 expression is controlled at epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels. Across atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, pulmonary hypertension, and aneurysm, dysregulated PDCD4 links noncoding-RNA signaling and translational control to inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative and mitochondrial injury, and phenotypic remodeling. Most experimental studies associate PDCD4 suppression with cardiovascular protection. However, the biological effects of PDCD4 appear to vary according to cell lineage, disease stage, subcellular localization, post-translational state, and tissue microenvironment. This review summarizes the molecular architecture and regulatory networks of PDCD4, integrates disease-specific evidence and cardiovascular functions, and critically discusses the opportunities and challenges of targeting PDCD4 for cardiovascular therapy.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is associated with obesity, metabolic dysfunction and increased healthcare utilization. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects and reduction in HS symptoms, but real-world patterns of GLP-1RA use in HS remain limited.

To investigate GLP-1RA use and comorbidity burden among patients with HS compared to matched psoriasis patients and background controls, including changes in healthcare utilization and treatment patterns following GLP-1RA initiation.

In this nationwide Danish register-based cohort study, adult patients with HS and age- and sex-matched patients with psoriasis and background controls were included from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2022. Comorbidities were assessed at the date of HS diagnosis (index date) and at GLP-1RA initiation. Healthcare utilization, surgical procedures and medication use were examined during the 2 years before and after GLP-1RA initiation among patients with HS receiving continuous GLP-1RA treatment and matched HS non-users.

A total of 12,581 patients with HS, 9824 patients with psoriasis, and 12,581 controls were included. During follow-up, 8.2% of patients with HS initiated GLP-1RA treatment, compared with 5.7% of psoriasis patients and 3.2% of controls. Mean time to GLP-1RA initiation was shorter among patients with HS (8.88 years) than psoriasis patients (10.1 years; p < 0.001) and controls (10.2 years; p < 0.001). Cardiometabolic and psychiatric comorbidities increased from index date to treatment initiation across all groups. Following GLP-1RA initiation, lower rates of surgical procedures and systemic medication use were observed.

Patients with HS demonstrated earlier and more frequent use of GLP-1RA compared with psoriasis patients and controls, with decreased use of HS-specific treatments and surgical procedures following GLP-1RA initiation. Comparable declines were observed among matched non-initiators.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1807234.].

Serotonin syndrome (SS) and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) are well-recognized adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with serotonergic agents, particularly antidepressants. Although traditionally regarded as distinct clinical entities, accumulating evidence suggests that SIADH may represent a key pathophysiological link between serotonergic toxicity and acute hyponatremia, thereby explaining their frequent clinical overlap and, in some cases, severe or fatal outcomes. Excessive serotonergic activity can stimulate hypothalamic pathways regulating arginine vasopressin secretion, resulting in euvolemic hyponatremia and hyponatremic encephalopathy while simultaneously producing the characteristic neuromuscular, autonomic, and mental status abnormalities of SS. This narrative review examines the shared pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic implications of SS and SIADH-associated hyponatremia. A comprehensive literature search was conducted, including reviews, pharmacological studies, and case reports involving antidepressants, opioids, antihistamines, nutraceuticals, and emerging serotonergic agents such as ketamine, esketamine, and psilocybin. Particular attention is given to medication combinations, over-the-counter medications, and dietary supplements that may increase serotonergic burden through pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions. The review highlights SIADH as the "thin red line" connecting serotonergic excess with rapid-onset hyponatremia and emphasizes the diagnostic complexity arising from the overlap between neurological manifestations of SS and metabolic encephalopathy secondary to hyponatremia. It also underscores the importance of a systematic diagnostic evaluation of suspected SIADH, including assessment of serum and urinary osmolality and urinary sodium concentration. In published case reports, the absence of urinary osmolality measurements frequently precludes confirmation of SIADH according to established diagnostic criteria, limiting the diagnosis to a possible or probable form rather than a definitive one. Greater awareness of this pathophysiological interplay is essential for early recognition, accurate differential diagnosis, risk stratification, and prevention of severe outcomes through careful medication review, appropriate laboratory evaluation, electrolyte monitoring, and prompt discontinuation of offending agents.

Exposure to natural environments promotes mental health, but access is often limited. Virtual nature-based interventions may offer an alternative, yet direct comparisons of their affective and neurobiological effects with actual nature remain scarce, particularly in depression. To elucidate these effects, thirty-two patients with major depressive disorder and thirty-two healthy controls participated in a quasi-experimental comparison of 10-minute natural and urban exposure in actual or virtual reality (immersive 360° videos via head-mounted display). Actual-exposure data were obtained from an earlier cohort and virtual-exposure data from subsequently recruited participants, with pseudorandom assignment to nature versus urban exposure within each modality. Affective and psychological outcomes were assessed using standardized questionnaires, cortical hemodynamics using portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and salivary cortisol as a stress marker. We found that both actual and virtual nature induced positive psychological effects, but only actual nature significantly reduced negative affect. We observed significant region-dependent differences in cortical hemodynamics, with exploratory analyses suggesting reduced dynamics during actual nature exposure in prefrontal and temporal regions, which however did not survive multiplicity correction. Cortisol showed no differential nature-versus-urban trajectories. Exploratory analyses suggested that the affective benefits of virtual nature correlated with the subjective sense of presence. Effects did not significantly differ by diagnostic status. However, given the modest sample size, these findings should be regarded as exploratory. They provide preliminary evidence that actual nature exerts differential effects on affect and cortical hemodynamic responses, while optimizing presence may enhance the efficacy of virtual nature-based interventions.

This uncontrolled study aims to gather a comprehensive understanding of participants' experiences during an inpatient intervention specialized in the treatment of psychotic disorders, embedded in a holistic therapeutic ward-concept rooted in acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), extending its isolated delivery in group therapies. Particular attention was paid to participants' perceptions of the concept, the mechanisms of impact they described and the transfer of therapy-related experiences into daily life.

A qualitative study design was used to evaluate experiences.

Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted with inpatients with psychosis upon completing the intervention. Following a later protocol amendment, 11 complementary follow-up interviews were conducted. All were audio-recorded and transcribed. A Straussian grounded theory-informed content structuring analysis was carried out to create a comprehensive coding scheme.

Participants regarded the general concept as fostering for their personal development, emphasizing positive interactions with staff and other inpatients, while pointing out structural barriers. Group therapies were perceived as highly relevant, engaging and practical in nature. Reported impacts represent the established ACT-domains 'open', 'aware' and 'active'. Meaningful transfers to daily life were prevalent at both times of interviews, and participants generally displayed an optimistic and life-oriented attitude half a year upon completion.

The holistic therapeutic concept appears to succeed in impactfully conveying the principles of ACT. Findings suggest that through including the entire ward staff as ACT-therapists, it promotes therapeutic alliance and interpersonal connectedness to a particular degree. Participants highlighted the hands-on and guiding nature of therapy contents as especially motivating, leading to meaningful change.

Latine communities face significant health and mental health inequities, which were exacerbated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Structural barriers, including economic factors and a lack of culturally responsive care, prevent these populations from accessing necessary treatment. This study evaluates the implementation of a community-based wellness intervention specifically designed to address the mental health needs of the Latine population through a culturally congruent framework. A total of 181 participants completed a pretest and 145 completed a posttest (80% retention rate). Quantitative findings revealed significant improvements across all measures of mental health, wellness, and resilient coping. Qualitative analysis identified primary themes of program effectiveness: Emotional Well-being, Personal Growth, Decision-Making, Communication Skills, Relaxation Techniques, and Collaborative Environment. Participants reported high levels of satisfaction and perceived benefits for themselves and their families. The mixed-methods evaluation suggests that a promotora-led, culturally sensitive intervention can effectively enhance psychological well-being and reduce clinical risk in marginalized Latine communities. By rooting mental health delivery in community wisdom, programs such as these offer a viable model for promoting health equity and empowerment.

Infections are a frequent complication following hip fracture (HF) surgery. Although approximately 30% of patients undergoing HF surgery have a mental health condition, its potential interaction on the risk of post-operative infection remains uncertain.

Using Danish nationwide registries, we included a cohort of patients with HF aged ≥ 65 years operated during 2004-21 (n=100 335) and an age- and sex-matched comparison cohort from the general population without HF at the index date (n=498 943). Mental health conditions were identified using diagnosis codes F00-F48. Outcomes were hospital-treated infections (H-TIs) and hospital- or community-treated infections (HC-TIs) within 30 days after surgery. Cumulative incidence with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was estimated with death as competing risk. Interaction was assessed on an absolute and relative scale.

The highest incidence of H-TIs was observed among patients with HF and mood disorders (18.1%, 95% CI: 17.3-19.0) and comparators with anxiety disorders (2%, 95% CI: 1.8-2.5). Among patients with HF, the highest incidence of HC-TIs was in those with dementia (43.0%, 95% CI: 42.2-43.9). Likewise, comparators with dementia had the highest incidence of HC-TIs (18.4%, 95% CI: 17.9-18.8). Across mental health condition categories, attributable fractions ranged from 1.1% to 32.3% for H-TIs and 10.8%-19.7% for HC-TIs. The strongest synergistic effect was observed in patients with psychoactive substance use for both H-TIs and HC-TIs.

Patients with HF and mental health conditions are at higher risk of infection than comparators. Mental health conditions and HF interact synergistically, which increases the infection risk by more than 30%, highlighting the need for targeted treatment for patients with HF and mental health conditions.

Opicapone (OPC) is an effective add-on medication for motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease (PD), with a favorable safety and tolerability profile. Elderly PD patients are a great proportion of the real-world PD population, often underrepresented in clinical trials. This multicenter, retrospective, longitudinal study aimed to assess the real-world safety and tolerability of OPC in PD patients aged ≥ 65 years. Clinical-demographic data were collected at OPC initiation (T0) and at the last follow-up visit (T1). OPC-related adverse events (AEs) and reasons for discontinuation were recorded. Patients were compared according to age and treatment continuation. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate association between baseline features and occurrence of AEs and discontinuation. One-hundred and one elderly PD patients were included and followed up for 20.6 ± 18.8 months after OPC initiation. Overall, 49 patients (48.5%) reported AEs, and OPC was discontinued in 29 (28.7%) within 9.4 ± 15.3 months, with neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular/autonomic AEs being the most common reasons. Patients aged ≥ 75 years reported greater disease severity and frequency of AEs compared to younger patients, but similar discontinuation rates at follow-up. At T1, OPC discontinuers exhibited greater motor impairment and a lower total levodopa equivalent dose. Univariate analyses showed that age, disease stage, and comorbidity burden were significantly associated with AEs occurrence. In the multivariable analysis, disease stage remained the only significant baseline feature associated with AEs. OPC was generally well tolerated in this cohort of real-world elderly PD patients. Larger, prospective studies are warranted.

Globally, significant progress toward ending the HIV/AIDS epidemic includes advances in HIV treatment, converting a fatal infection to a chronic disease. Adolescents living with HIV (AWHIV) continue to underachievein HIV viral suppression (VS) needed to remain healthy. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the role of self-management and related factors in VS among AWHIV aged 15-19 years in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A total of 658 AWHIV from ten large HIV care and treatment sites were assessed on HIV-related self-management, depression, HIV stigma, physical quality of life and social support. HIV viral load was abstracted from clinical records. Generalized linear models were used to examine unadjusted and adjusted mean differences in self-management scores between the two groups. Over half of the AWHIV, 403(78%), had achieved VS. Overall, sub-scale self-management scores did not differ significantly between groups (p > .05); however, three self-management items significantly differed by VS status: health self-efficacy (p = 0.049), life ambitions/goals (p = 0.031) and ART administration knowledge (p = 0.044). Adjusted models attenuated self-efficacy and ambition differences while ART knowledge differences persisted (p = 0.005). Physical quality of life, social support and stigma significantly moderated relationships between self-management items and VS. These findings suggest that focusing on targeted self-management behaviors may provide a more accurate understanding of their influence on VS than aggregated self-management scores.