To explore the feasibility and clinical value of a comprehensive nursing model that integrates guided open communication strategies with the philosophy of palliative care in patients with advanced lung cancer, and to evaluate its impact on patients' negative emotions, pain response, cancer-related fatigue, quality of life, and nursing satisfaction.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 276 patients with advanced lung cancer who received treatment in our hospital from April 2023 to June 2025. According to the different nursing protocols, patients were divided into two groups: the control group (n = 138) received routine nursing care, while the observation group (n = 138) received additional comprehensive measures combining guided open communication intervention with palliative care on top of routine nursing. The two groups were compared in terms of negative emotions [Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21)], cancer pain response [American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire Revised Version (APS-POQ-Modified)], cancer-related fatigue [Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS)], quality of life [European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30)], and nursing satisfaction [Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scale (NSNS)].

After the intervention, anxiety score, depression score, stress score, pain intensity score, pain interference with daily life score, pain belief score, physical sensation fatigue score, affective fatigue score, behavioral fatigue score, and cognitive fatigue score in both groups decreased compared with pre-intervention; pain control satisfaction score, physical functioning score, role functioning score, cognitive functioning score, emotional functioning score, social functioning score, and global health status score increased compared with pre-intervention, with the magnitude of improvement being greater in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The overall nursing satisfaction in the observation group (94.20%) was higher than that in the control group (80.43%) (p < 0.05).

The integration of guided open communication and palliative care in the nursing of patients with advanced lung cancer can exert a synergistic effect, not only effectively alleviating anxiety, depression, and other negative emotions, but also reducing pain and cancer-related fatigue, improving quality of life, and enhancing nursing satisfaction, with high value for clinical promotion.

Diffuse gliomas are biologically heterogeneous primary brain tumors with variable clinical behavior, and age is a well-recognized prognostic factor; however, integrated real-world data from Eastern European populations remain limited. The aim of this study was to describe how clinical, imaging, molecular, treatment, and survival data co-vary across age groups in a Romanian tertiary neuro-oncology cohort, rather than to identify new biological associations. We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of 283 consecutive adult patients with histologically confirmed diffuse gliomas diagnosed between 2021 and 2024, classified according to the WHO 2021 framework. Patients were stratified into three predefined age groups (<40, 40-60, and >60 years), and clinical, histopathological, molecular, preoperative imaging, and treatment variables were compared using Pearson chi-square or Fisher exact tests; recurrence-free survival (RFS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank tests. Molecular testing availability varied across the cohort, reflecting progressive adoption of integrated molecular diagnostics. Older patients more frequently harbored IDH-wildtype glioblastoma, more aggressive imaging features, lower Karnofsky Performance Status, and received less intensive multimodal therapy. Unadjusted RFS decreased with advancing age (log-rank P < 0.001); without multivariable adjustment, this reflects the combined effects of age-correlated covariates rather than an independent age effect. This study contributes region-specific real-world evidence from an underrepresented Eastern European setting, where integrated molecular diagnostics were being progressively implemented during the study period.

Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of death from cancer among women worldwide. The principle of lymphoscintigraphy is to image radiotracers injected into the interstitial space and follow their transport through the initial lymphatics, the lymphatic vessels, and lymph nodes to the main lymphatic ducts, and finally to the liver. The objective of the study was to identify the role of preoperative lymphoscintigraphy in sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification among patients with breast cancer. A retrospective single-center study was conducted at King Khalid Hospital using the PACS system. The study included 72 adult female patients diagnosed with breast cancer between February and May 2025 who underwent lymphoscintigraphy before SLN biopsy. The results showed that 36.7% of patients were aged 51-70 years, and 56.7% had tumors in the right breast. Most patients (86.7%) had negative SLN results, while 13.3% were positive for metastasis. More than half of the patients (66.7%) had small tumors measuring 1-2 cm. Regarding surgical management, 66.7% underwent breast lumpectomy, 13.3% underwent mastectomy, and 20% had not yet undergone surgery. A weak correlation was observed between SLN results and the type of operation (P = 0.046), although the strength of association was low. There was also a weak and non-significant correlation between SLN status and tumor size (P = 0.227). We conclude that lymphoscintigraphy plays an important role in identifying sentinel lymph nodes and helps minimize postoperative complications.

Opportunistic salpingectomy (OS) is increasingly recommended during gynaecological surgery for primary prevention of ovarian, tubal and peritoneal cancer. Emerging evidence supports its feasibility during abdominal surgery for non-gynaecological indications; however, uptake remains limited.

ShiELD (Opportunistic Salpingectomy at the time of Elective Abdominal Surgery) was a pilot study conducted at a tertiary level institution involving non-gynaecological surgeons. Participants completed a Likert-scale assessment of knowledge, attitudes, perceived barriers and confidence regarding OS before and after an intervention, which was viewing a targeted educational video. Responses were analysed descriptively, with Likert categories collapsed into agreement versus non-agreement.

Forty surgeons completed the survey. Baseline understanding of OS was high (76.9%), but knowledge of complications (38.4%), surgical technique (33.4%) and patient selection (28.2%) was limited. Only 20.5% felt comfortable performing OS independently. Following the intervention, agreement improved across all domains, including understanding of OS (100%), complications (80.0%), surgical technique (89.8%) and patient selection (72.5%). Comfort performing OS independently increased to 55.0%, while discomfort with consent decreased from 66.6% to 40.0%.

A brief educational intervention significantly improved non-gynaecological surgeons' knowledge, confidence and willingness to consider opportunistic salpingectomy. Education represents a critical step toward broader implementation of OS in non-gynaecological surgical practice.

To characterize contemporary postoperative outcomes and risk stratification in a large Japanese real-world cohort of patients with clinically nonmetastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), and to externally validate commonly used prognostic models.

We retrospectively analyzed 1677 Japanese patients with clinically nonmetastatic ccRCC who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy between 2010 and 2025. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. The Leibovich score, SSIGN score, AUA risk groups, and GRANT score were externally validated. Model discrimination was assessed using Harrell's C-index.

During a median follow-up of 36 months, 160 patients (9.5%) experienced recurrence and 115 (6.9%) died, including 28 renal cancer-specific deaths. The 3-, 5-, and 10-year DFS rates were 91.2%, 87.6%, and 75.9%, respectively; corresponding OS rates were 95.0%, 91.1%, and 80.9%. Pathological T stage, WHO/ISUP grade, and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) were independently associated with DFS, whereas age, ASA physical status, and LVI were independently associated with OS. All four models significantly stratified DFS and OS. For DFS, the Leibovich score showed favorable discrimination, with a C-index of 0.785 as a continuous score and 0.769 as a risk-group model. In a post hoc exploratory analysis, adding LVI to the Leibovich score slightly increased the C-index for DFS, but the improvement was not statistically significant.

Established prognostic models consistently stratified recurrence risk in Japanese patients with clinically nonmetastatic ccRCC. The Leibovich score may serve as a useful reference for postoperative risk assessment, whereas the added value of LVI requires further validation.

Loncastuximab tesirine, a CD19-directed antibody-drug conjugate, is a therapy for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), including after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. This study summarized efficacy and safety across published cohorts.

The authors did a systematic review and meta-analysis of loncastuximab tesirine monotherapy in adults with relapsed or refractory DLBCL. They searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to October 25, 2025, plus American Society of Hematology 2025 abstracts. They pooled single-arm proportions using random-effects proportional meta-analyses with Freeman-Tukey transformation and reconstructed individual patient data from Kaplan-Meier curves for time-to-event pooling (protocol: PROSPERO CRD420251156779). Seven studies (596 patients) met inclusion criteria.

Seven studies (596 patients) contributed to clinical outcomes across all analyses. Pooled overall response was 45.76% (95% CI, 28.75-63.28; I² = 94.3%), and the complete response was 18.83% (95% CI, 10.60-28.70, I² = 85.5%). Reconstructed data yielded a pooled median progression-free survival of 5.18 months (95% CI, 3.97-6.15) and median overall survival was 9.01 months (95% CI, 7.60-10.73; four studies). Among responders, median duration of response was 10.22 months (95% CI, 6.37-not estimable). Grade ≥3 thrombocytopenia, neutropenia and anemia occurred in 23.71%, 18.80%, and 11.01% of patients, respectively, and treatment discontinuation due to adverse events occurred in 12.61% (95% CI, 5.85-21.18).

Loncastuximab tesirine shows clinically meaningful activity in heavily pretreated R/R DLBCL, including post-CAR T-cell therapy settings, with frequent but manageable cytopenias. Pooled estimates showed substantial heterogeneity, driven mainly by real-world cohorts, and should be interpreted with caution.

Breast cancer is a leading female malignancy, with chronic inflammation driving progression. The IL-2/IL-2R axis regulates immunity, but IL2RA's role in breast cancer (expression, diagnostic/prognostic value, and interplay with IL-2) is unclear.

A total of 252 consecutive patients (99 breast cancer and 153 benign breast disease) who received breast surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Serum cytokines were measured via electrochemiluminescence immunoassay; ROC, single-cell sequencing, and bioinformatics databases (TIMER and Kaplan-Meier plotter) were used to assess IL2RA/IL-2's utility and associations.

Serum IL2Rα was higher in breast cancer (336.9 vs. 275.8 U/mL, p < 0.001; no significant differences were observed for other cytokines). IL2Rα showed moderate diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.650, cut-off = 240.5 U/mL), correlated with NLR (p = 0.012), and showed a trend towards poor survival (p = 0.124, HR = 0.309, 95% CI: 0.069-1.381). Single-cell sequencing identified T cells as the primary source of IL2Rα in tumor tissues. High IL2RA expression strongly correlated with infiltration of immune cells, especially neutrophils (r = 0.673) and dendritic cells (r = 0.706). RNA-seq analysis showed IL2RA was upregulated in tumor tissues, associated with poor prognosis (p = 9.7e - 06, HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.15-1.44) and aggressive features (e.g., lymph node metastasis and HER2 positivity). In contrast, IL-2 was highly expressed in normal tissues, linked to better prognosis (p = 0.001, HR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.74-0.93), and had opposing clinical correlations.

Serum IL2Rɑ could serve as a complementary auxiliary diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer, with associations with systemic inflammation, immune cell infiltration, and aggressive disease. The functional antagonism between IL2RA and IL-2 highlights the IL-2/IL2RA axis as a critical regulator of breast cancer pathophysiology, supporting its potential as a therapeutic target for improving breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.

We present the case of a newborn with sacrococcygeal teratoma and complex gastroschisis, complicated with intestinal perforation. This is an unusual association, with only 1 reported case worldwide, and this is the first reported case that survived with a good outcome.

The treatment was conducted in 4 stages: gastroschisis closure and enterostomy delaying the treatment of the atresia, teratoma resection, correction of the atresia using the Santulli technique and closure of the stoma. It took 6 months and 18 days to complete the whole treatment. The patient showed excellent progress with good growth and subsequent development.

The treatment conducted in 4 stages made possible the resolution of each pathology, with proper assessment and surgical planning, making possible the patient's development and growth while minimizing the risks of complications.

At the national level, there are no standardized protocols or management guidelines for pediatric patients with ovarian tumors. This situation has led to heterogeneous and variable approaches among different institutions, leading to invasive and oncological surgeries in patients with a high probability of presenting a benign pathology. The purpose of this study is to characterize patients with ovarian masses in two reference pediatric hospitals in the city of Bogotá, Colombia, in order to describe the clinical characteristics, the initial approach, the surgical management, and the final histopathology. This could represent the initial step toward creating standardized protocols in the future to improve decision-making regarding the management of these patients.

A descriptive cross-sectional observational study was carried out in two reference pediatric institutions. A review of medical records was performed for the evaluation and analysis of demographic, clinical, paraclinical, surgical, and histopathological variables of patients under 18 years of age operated on with a diagnosis of ovarian tumor.

A total of 127 patients under 18 years of age were obtained, with an average age of 14 years. Abdominal pain was identified as the most frequent symptom. Likewise, it was evidenced that malignant tumors tend to have a larger size in ultrasound, tomography, and during intraoperative findings. On the other hand, the tumor markers most related to malignancy were AFP and β-hCG. Regarding surgical management, it was observed that benign pathology was mostly treated by laparoscopy with ovary-sparing surgery, while patients with suspected malignancy were treated by open surgery with oncological staging. The final histopathological result found 88% benign tumors, a percentage similar to that reported in current literature.

The behavior and outcomes of ovarian pathology in the hospitals selected for the study were similar to those reported by global literature. Additionally, it was evidenced that there could be a relationship between tumor size, tumor markers, and the risk of malignancy. There is a growing trend toward performing less invasive surgeries; however, multicenter, prospective, and long-term studies are required to develop evidence-based management guidelines that help medical personnel make decisions to improve the approach for these patients.

Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is the most frequent congenital tumor in neonates. Despite excellent survival rates after early surgical resection, survivors may face significant long-term sequelae that affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

We conducted an ambispective cohort study of all SCT patients treated at a tertiary pediatric hospital between 1995 and 2020. Clinical, surgical, and follow-up data were collected, and HRQoL was evaluated using the PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales and Spinal Cord Injury Module, compared with age- and sex-matched controls.

We included 18 SCT patients treated at our center. HRQoL was evaluated in 12 patients. Median age at inclusion was 17.1 years. Complications occurred in 72.2% of patients, and recurrence in 27.7%. Functional sequelae included urinary (55.6%), digestive (46.2%), and neurological (23.1%) dysfunctions. HRQoL scores were significantly lower than controls (patients 73.1 vs 86.7; p= 0.002). Urinary dysfunction was the main determinant of impaired HRQoL, impacting physical, emotional, and social domains. The presence of associated congenital anomalies (61.1%) was also frequent.

Although survival after SCT resection is excellent, functional morbidity remains high. Urinary dysfunction is the leading cause of reduced HRQoL. Long-term multidisciplinary follow-up -including urology, gastroenterology, and psychological support- and systematic HRQoL assessment are essential to optimize long-term outcomes in this population.