Compulsive buying-shopping disorder (CBSD) is associated with emotional distress, reduced daily functioning, and frequent comorbid mental health conditions. In previous research, CBSD has traditionally been conceptualized as a predominantly female disorder, with most existing data derived from primarily female samples. This study examined gender differences in a treatment-seeking sample with CBSD, focusing on sociodemographic factors, mental comorbidities, buying/shopping preferences, symptom severity, and therapy participation. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 141 adults (73.8% women) diagnosed with CBSD at an outpatient clinic for behavioral addictions (2017-2025). Data included sociodemographic variables, ICD-10 comorbidities, buying/shopping environment, preferred consumer products, and group therapy attendance. Psychometric measures (Pathological Buying Screener, PBS; Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 7, GAD-7; Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9) assessed symptoms of CBSD, anxiety, and depression. Group comparisons used Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests. Women more often compulsively purchased clothing, shoes, bags, cosmetics, and jewelry (all p ≤ .004, V = 0.18-0.36); men preferred electronics (p < .001, V = 0.32). Women showed slightly higher CBSD severity (PBS: Mdn = 56 vs. 52, p = .044, r = .17). Overall, no significant differences between women and men were found in comorbid mental disorders, neither in GAD-7/PHQ-9 scores (all p > .05) nor in clinical diagnoses (all p > .004 after Bonferroni correction). No group differences emerged for age, education, relationship status, or therapy participation (all p > .05). Gender differences in CBSD presentation-particularly regarding product preferences-emphasize the need for gender-sensitive perspectives to enhance treatment outcomes, while also highlighting that men and women differ only in specific aspects.

Remarkable progress has been made in response to the global HIV epidemic, yet critical gaps and inequities remain, combined with challenges stemming from the current threats to global funding, complacency and competing global health priorities. These constraints threaten to unravel the hard-won gains and to stall progress towards control of the HIV epidemic. In response to this rapidly changing landscape, the integration of HIV services into primary care has emerged as a potential solution to this crisis that would bring possible efficiencies and sustainability of the response.

Recognition that persons with HIV often experience a range of other health challenges over their lifetime has compelled the need for integration of non-HIV services into HIV programmes to allow for delivery of comprehensive person-centred care. However, most attention at present is centred on the integration of HIV treatment into primary care, raising concerns about whether this might risk the quality of care for persons with HIV. The limited availability of primary care services that offer comprehensive and effective continuity care in many low- and middle-income countries presents a major challenge to providing such care. Nonetheless, such integration offers a historic opportunity to enhance healthcare for all people with chronic health conditions, including for persons with HIV.

The integration of non-HIV services into HIV programming is recognized as necessary to meet the needs of persons with HIV, enhancing their quality of life and health outcomes. At the same time, the imperative for integration of HIV treatment into primary care programmes raises an important question. Can primary care programmes be transformed to allow for the provision of the necessary continuity care with the required supportive services that persons with HIV need? Accomplishing this goal may present a pathway to sustaining the HIV response in the current resource-constrained context while enabling the long-desired transformation of primary care services to effectively deliver on their potential for advancing the health of all people.

Oral diseases are among the most prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide. They not only pose significant threats to oral health but also closely link to systemic conditions, thereby creating a substantial burden on socioeconomic development. While considerable progress has been made recently in stomatology in China, there is still potential for further advancement in both research and clinical translation. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology presents a revolutionary opportunity for stomatology, demonstrating broad application prospects in optimizing healthcare services, innovating educational models, and advancing medical research. Drawing on insights from the subject "AI-based Prevention and Management of Oral Diseases" presented at the "2025 Strategic Development Symposium on Stomatology Disciplines", this review analyzes the current research status, development trends, challenges, opportunities, and key scientific problems in the application of AI to stomatology. The review elaborates on the cutting-edge progress of AI technology in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention for oral diseases. Moreover, it explores future directions, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for the innovative development of stomatology in China.

P9, a protein secreted by Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), serves as a key bioactive effector and exhibits promising therapeutic potential for metabolic disorders. This review systematically elucidates the molecular mechanisms by which P9 mediates microbe-host interactions through activation of the intercellular adhesion molecule-2 (ICAM-2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling pathways. It also summarizes recent advances in P9 biomanufacturing, summarizing advances in its heterologous expression in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Lactobacillus lactis (L. lactis), and proposes innovative delivery strategies using engineered probiotics or nanocarriers to bypass gastrointestinal barriers. In addition, we explore the modular structure of P9 proteins predicted by AlphaFold, revealing potential domains amenable to functional optimization through protein engineering. By combining mechanistic insights with bioengineering approaches, this review positions engineered P9 as a multifunctional candidate for developing oral, targeted, and sustained-release therapies against obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This strategy offers new avenues for linking fundamental gut microbiome research with translational metabolic medicine applications.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) results from progressive damage to pancreatic β- cells, leading to insufficient insulin production and impaired glucose regulation. The autoimmune destruction of β-cells reduces their functional mass, causing chronic hyperglycemia and associated complications. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of gene expression and play key roles in various cellular processes and pathways. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how miRNA-375 influences β-cell biology and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target in T1DM. By examining the complex interplay between miRNA-375, β-cell function, and autoimmunity, this article contributes to the development of strategies for early detection, prevention, and potential treatment of T1DM. Electronic databases, including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were searched for case reports and series, case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies, as well as reviews, from the inception of the databases to December 2024. The role of miRNAs in the onset and progression of T1DM has received considerable attention in recent years. Among them, miRNA- 375 is particularly significant due to its influence on β-cell function and apoptosis. Alterations in miRNA-375 levels have been observed during both the preclinical and clinical stages of T1DM. Developing reliable, non-invasive methods for monitoring miRNA-375 is critical for translating these findings into clinical applications. Future research should focus on establishing highly sensitive and specific assays for its measurement.