We aimed to assess the relationship between postnatal left ventricular mass (LVM) z-score and clinical outcomes among infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs).

We performed a retrospective cohort study of infants born to mothers with pregestational diabetes mellitus. The primary predictor was postnatal LVM z-score; the primary outcome was hospital length of stay (LOS). A secondary outcome was maximum glucose infusion rate (GIR) during hospitalization.

There were 112 infants who met the inclusion criteria (52% male). After multiple linear regression, there was a weak relationship between LVM z-score and LOS (R² = 0.055; p = 0.002); the relationship between LVM z-score and maximum GIR was somewhat stronger (R² = 0.205, p < 0.001).

LVM measured by echocardiography during the first week of life is weakly but independently associated with total LOS and maximum GIR among infants born to mothers with pregestational diabetes mellitus. The impact of left ventricular hypertrophy in IDMs on clinical outcomes should be considered in clinical context.

· Increased LVM is marginally associated with longer LOS in IDMs.. · Elevated LVM is linked to higher maximum GIR in IDMs.. · Higher LVM may reflect illness severity in IDMs..

To investigate the appropriateness of lower doses of loxoprofen in patients with type two diabetes (T2D) with bone fractures/surgeries in comparison to common NSAIDs.

The current study is a prospective cross-sectional study. A total of 174 patients treated for bone fractures/orthopedic surgeries were recruited from orthopedic outpatient clinics in Amman, Madaba, and University of Jordan Hospital. Risk stratifications were performed for cardiovascular (CV), gastrointestinal (GI), renal, and hepatic complications. We created in-depth comparisons of safety and effectiveness of common NSAIDs in alleviating postoperative/ fracture pain.

All NSAIDs showed variable reductions in the numerical pain score (NPS) after four weeks. Loxoprofen was the only NSAID prescribed at lower daily doses of 60-120 mg. Loxoprofen resulted in the most reduction in NPS; the fastest onset of action; the least time to reach peak analgesia; decrease in nocturia and the strongest overall pain relief in bone fractures and postoperative pain, p < 0.05. Celecoxib had the highest variability in pain relief among the agents.

Lower doses of loxoprofen provide an effective strategy to alleviate postoperative and bone fracture pain and increase patient satisfactions among T2D at lower systemic risks compared to other NSAIDs. Such low dosing approach provides a plausible balanced triad of safety, effectiveness and maximum bone healing which lead to maximum patient satisfaction.

To disentangle the relationships of patient characteristics, diabetes knowledge, general beliefs about medication, specific beliefs about glucose-lowering medications and natural remedies, with adherence to glucose-lowering medication adherence.

This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted across fifteen primary healthcare centers in Indonesia. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients (≥18 years) who consented to participate were included. Assessment tools included the adapted Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ), Beliefs about Medications Questionnaire (BMQ), and Medication Adherence Report Scale-5 (MARS-5). Structural equation modeling was employed.

A total of 328 patients with T2D participated (mean age 60.6 ± 8.9 years; diabetes duration 7.1 ± 6.2 years; 74.4% female). The final model showed that experiencing side effects from glucose-lowering medication was associated with lower medication adherence (β = -0.234), whereas educational level showed an association, with only medium-level education being associated with higher adherence (β = 0.135). General beliefs about medication overuse (β = -0.230) and specific beliefs about the necessity of glucose-lowering medication (β = 0.195) were associated with adherence during model selection. General beliefs about medication overuse and specific beliefs about medication necessity were positively correlated (β = 0.413). Diabetes knowledge and natural remedy beliefs were not associated with medication adherence.

General and specific beliefs about medications, as well as experiences of side effects, were associated with adherence to glucose-lowering medications. Interventions should focus on addressing these beliefs and managing side effects. Given the relationships between such factors, personalized approaches may be necessary to improve adherence.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial metabolic syndrome characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, progressive pancreatic β-cell malfunction, and peripheral insulin resistance. There is growing evidence suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis play a critical role in the development and advancement of T2DM. Mitochondria are essential for cellular energy metabolism and redox homeostasis. It is the metabolic stress and apoptotic cell death in insulin-producing β-cells and insulin-sensitive tissues induced by mitochondrial dysfunction caused by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics, impaired mitophagy, mitochondrial fission-fusion imbalance, and defective biogenesis. This review summarizes the molecular pathways by which mitochondrial dysfunction triggers inflammatory responses, such as activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes, cytokine release, and mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptotic signaling. We describe the role of these pathways in insulin resistance and in the emergence of diabetic complications like neuropathy, nephropathy, myopathy, and hepatopathy. New treatment approaches aimed at mitochondrial integrity and apoptotic signaling are promising. These are AMPK/PGC-1α pathway activators, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (MitoQ, SS-31), and mitophagy and ferroptosis modulators. But poor tissue specificity, poor bioavailability, and patient-to-patient variability are limitations in clinical translation. Lastly, the review highlights the possibilities of personalized medicine strategies that incorporate the use of mitochondrial profiling to maximize therapeutic outcomes. Collectively, available evidence suggests that therapeutic strategies restoring mitochondrial quality control in β-cells may offer greater disease-modifying potential than glucose-centric interventions alone.

Mothers caring for children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) face significant care burdens requiring effective interventions. This study evaluated the impact of a Healthy Lifestyle Empowerment Program (HLEP) on care burden and adherence to health-promoting behaviours in these mothers. In this experimental study in Tehran (2024), 64 mothers of children with T1D were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 32) and control (n = 32) groups. The intervention group participated in four weekly 45-60-min educational sessions focusing on health-promoting behaviours. Data were collected using the Caregiver Burden Index (CBI) and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) at baseline, immediately after and 12 weeks post-intervention. Data were analysed using SPSS v.18. The intervention group showed a significant reduction in care burden immediately and 12 weeks after HLEP (p = 0.311), while their health-promoting behaviours improved significantly over time (p = 0.027). Conversely, the control group experienced increased care burden (p = 0.000) and decreased health-promoting behaviours (p = 0.017). HLEP effectively reduced the care burden and enhanced health-promoting behaviours among mothers of children with T1D. The incorporation of such empowerment programs into healthcare services is recommended to support caregivers managing chronic illnesses.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are increasingly used for managing type 2 diabetes and obesity. As their clinical applications expand, interest in their safety and adverse effects has grown. This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of global research trends, collaboration patterns, and thematic evolution on GLP-1RA-related adverse effects from 2006 to 2025. This study is a bibliometric analysis. Data were extracted from the Scopus database and analyzed using Bibliometrix (R package) and VOS viewer. Indicators assessed included publication and citation metrics, institutional productivity, and keyword co-occurrence and mapping. Correlations were evaluated using Pearson and Spearman tests, and the Durbin-Watson statistic was applied to assess the independence of residuals. A total of 1075 articles published in 389 journals were identified, authored by 6068 researchers across 85 countries. The annual growth rate was 32.06%, with no single-author papers and 34.23% international co-authorship, indicating strong global collaboration. The United States (30.5%), the United Kingdom (10.6%), and Denmark (7.8%) led in publication output and total citations. Institutional analysis identified Novo Nordisk A/S (60 papers, 11 207 citations) and Eli Lilly & Co. (45 papers, 9948 citations) as the most influential contributors. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism published the most articles (n = 106), followed by Diabetes Care and The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. Significant correlations were found between article count and h-index (r = .677, P < .001) and total citations (r = .779, P < .001). Keyword analysis revealed 2 main thematic clusters-one pharmacological (drug safety, efficacy, liraglutide, semaglutide) and 1 clinical (human, male, female, adult)-with an emerging focus on population-specific safety since 2021. Research on GLP-1RA-related adverse effects has expanded rapidly, shaped by strong international collaboration and industry-academic partnerships. Future efforts should prioritize balanced global participation, real-world safety data, and mechanistic insights to inform clinical practice and pharmacovigilance.

Social prescribing (SP) has emerged as a non-medical strategy to enhance cancer survivors' well-being by addressing psychosocial challenges through diverse interventions. Despite growing evidence of benefits, a comprehensive synthesis of intervention effectiveness and implementation barriers remains limited. This scoping review updates current evidence on SP interventions, outcomes, and challenges among cancer survivors.

To identify and map SP interventions for post-treatment cancer survivors, assess their impact on well-being and quality of life, and summarise barriers and recommendations for improved accessibility and sustainability.

Peer-reviewed studies involving adult cancer survivors that evaluated SP-related interventions with psychological, emotional, or quality of life outcomes were included. Reviews, editorials, conference abstracts, and non-English studies were excluded. Three databases (Scopus, PubMed, APA PsycINFO) were searched up to March 31, 2025. Data extraction captured study design, intervention type, setting, population, outcomes, and reported benefits or limitations. Narrative synthesis followed PRISMA-ScR and SWiM guidelines.

Thirty-two studies assessed seven intervention types: gardening, peer support, expressive writing, art therapy, physical activity, blue prescriptions, and spiritual care. These interventions enhanced emotional resilience, reduced stress, fostered social connections, and improved coping. Reported barriers included limited access to resources, participant engagement, professional support, and long-term sustainability.

SP interventions provide significant psychological and emotional benefits for cancer survivors. Addressing accessibility, engagement, and sustainability challenges is essential. Future research should explore hybrid and digital SP models with structured professional involvement to improve reach and effectiveness.

Long-term breast cancer survivors experience permanent effects of cancer treatment such as reduced strength, aerobic capacity, and mobility, as well as cognitive, cardiac, or neurotoxic complications. This study aims to characterise the experience and needs of breast cancer survivorship care and to examine its alignment with the person-centred care model, based on the perspectives of long-term breast cancer survivors and the multidisciplinary professionals involved in their care.

This study co-created, with long-term breast cancer survivors and healthcare professionals, a patient journey map to visually describe their experiences. Healthcare-related needs were also prioritised, and solutions to improve health services were proposed.

Person-centred care in breast cancer survivorship is yet to be fully implemented. Five relevant areas of care were identified through independent focus groups and workshops: early recurrence detection, monitoring of potential physical consequences, psychological health, employment-related aspects, and healthy lifestyles. Being involved in the decision-making process and being listened to were identified as priority needs by patients. Meanwhile, healthcare professionals stressed the importance of improving communication with patients. Psychological support and care coordination were among the most important needs for both patients and healthcare professionals.

Potential solutions to address these needs included improving access to information and communication channels, increasing resources (such as rehabilitation, psychotherapy, case managers, and direct scheduling), and strengthening support for healthy lifestyle and employment, as well as creating specific training for healthcare professionals. Experiences and care needs of long-term breast cancer survivors were visualised in the patient journey map, which can be used for service redesign.

Achieving demographically representative samples remains a challenge in oncology trials but is essential for generalizable findings. We describe recruitment and enrollment to a decentralized trial for an online sexual health intervention for breast cancer survivors, evaluating differences by race, ethnicity, and age.

Partnered breast cancer survivors with sexual concerns were recruited to the Sexual Health and Intimacy Enhancement (SHINE) trial (WF-2202, NCT06216574) via the Wake Forest NCI Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) Research Base. Sites identified potentially eligible survivors; recorded their race, ethnicity, and age; and sent them online eligibility screeners. Eligible, consenting survivors were enrolled.

Screener completion (78.3%, n = 557/711), eligibility (66.6%, n = 371/557), and enrollment (91.9%, n = 341/371) rates were high, but there were discrepancies by race and age. Eligible White survivors were more likely to enroll than eligible survivors from other races (94.4% vs. 87.0%, p = .03). Survivors who completed screeners were younger on average than those who did not (age M = 52.6 vs. 54.5, p = .05); eligible survivors were also younger on average than ineligible survivors (age M = 51.9 vs. 54.6, p = .004). There were no other differences in screener completion, eligibility, or enrollment by race, ethnicity, or age (ps > .06).

Differences in screener completion and enrollment by age and race suggest younger, White breast cancer survivors may have had the greatest interest in this trial of an online sexual health intervention. Overall, however, screener completion, eligibility, and enrollment rates were substantially higher for this trial than past clinical trials in oncology, demonstrating the benefits of decentralized trials through the NCORP network.

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06216574 (Registered: January 22, 2024).

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune neurologic disorder with a heterogenous disease presentation. The objective of this targeted literature review was to characterize the burden of disease and unmet treatment needs in patients with MG.

Scientific articles published in English between May 4, 2013, and November 24, 2025, were identified in the PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases using a pre-defined Boolean search strategy. Titles and abstracts were screened for information on clinical presentation, pathology, and diagnostic considerations for MG; burden of disease, including epidemiologic, clinical, humanistic, and economic burden; and treatments, including treatment guidelines.

The analysis included 318 records. Population-based estimates of MG incidence published from 2007 onwards ranged from 0.3 to 6.1 per 100,000 person-years, and prevalence estimates ranged from 2.2 to 58.6 per 100,000 persons. The clinical and humanistic burden of MG remains high, with patients reporting inadequate symptom control, fatigue, poor quality of life, and dissatisfaction with their current treatment. Greater disease severity was associated with reduced quality of life and poorer mental health. Medical costs varied by region, and key drivers of direct medical costs include hospitalization and treatment of exacerbation or myasthenic crisis.

The burden of MG remains high, despite the availability of novel treatments. Studies are needed to better characterize the current burden of MG in the context of newer treatment options and to explore how the disease burden may be reduced for patients.