Mental health problems are increasingly prevalent among college students. Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) has been linked to mental health problems, but the specific roles of different SPS dimensions in terms of risk or plasticity for college students' mental health are not well understood. This network analysis study, involving 678 Chinese college students, investigated the inter-relationships between mental health problems and SPS dimensions. Mental health problems and SPS were evaluated using the Symptom Checklist-90 and the Sensory Processing Sensitivity Questionnaire. Regularized partial correlation network analysis was conducted to construct the network structure of SPS and mental health problems. Centrality indices were estimated to identify important variables within the network. Group differences in network structures were also examined by gender and socio-economic status. Our network revealed that the emotional/physiological reactivity dimension of SPS was positively connected with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity and depression, while showing a negative association with somatization and psychoticism. Bridge centrality estimation identified emotional/physiological reactivity as a central hub bridging SPS and mental health problems, with high bridge strength and bridge expected influence within the network. These findings suggest that emotional/physiological reactivity may represent a potentially important dimension of SPS with possible clinical and educational relevance. However, SPS was assessed using a self-report questionnaire with potential psychometric limitations, and therefore the findings should be interpreted with caution. In addition, the cross-sectional design precludes causal inference. Future research could explore the role of emotional/physiological reactivity in promoting mental health and academic adjustment among highly sensitive college students.

This cross-sectional study examines the associations between social networks, technology acceptance, and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults aged 60 and above. Key variables included sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, depressive symptoms, social networks, and technology acceptance. Multiple linear and hierarchical regression analyses were employed for data analysis. A total of 380 participants with an average age of 66.5 years were included. Social networks (β = -0.081, p = 0.010) and technology acceptance (β = -0.060, p < 0.001) were independently and negatively associated with depressive symptoms in unadjusted regression models. In the fully adjusted model, social networks (β = -0.036, p = 0.200) were not significantly associated with depressive symptoms, whereas technology acceptance (β = -0.031, p < 0.001) remained negatively associated. Technology acceptance is strongly associated with depressive symptoms in older adults, and its effect outweighs that of social networks. This finding underscores the crucial role of implementing strategies to promote technology acceptance to enhance the mental health of older adults.

Quality sleep is important for substance use recovery. Supporting and monitoring sleep during residential treatment poses challenges, but unobtrusive technologies like actigraphy or environmental sensors offer objective low burden measurement. We examined the feasibility and acceptability of these technologies, and associations between sleep and mental health outcomes.

This pilot and feasibility study employed a naturalistic design. Fifty-two adults in residential treatment for diverse substance-related issues wore actigraphs and completed daily sleep diaries over a period of up to 4 weeks during live-in treatment. Subjective assessments of pre-sleep arousal and sleep quality were collected alongside routine clinical measures at study entry and exit. Environmental sensors continuously recorded sleep environment (temperature, light) data.

Of the 52 participants, thirty-three participants wore actigraphs for > 14 days; 23 completed exit questionnaires, and 11 interviews. Significant positive associations were found between subjective pre-sleep arousal and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. Objective sleep regularity was negatively associated with post-traumatic stress, anxiety, and pre-sleep somatic arousal. Later sleep midpoint was linked to greater subjective sleep disturbance and anxiety. Objective sleep duration was not associated with any mental health variables.

Continuous, unobtrusive monitoring of sleep and bedroom environments is feasible in residential settings for many residents, though feasibility varied across longer-term actigraphy monitoring and questionnaire completion. This approach may offer a first step in identifying targets for future interventions to improve sleep and support recovery.

Participation within gay communities can foster belonging but also intraminority stigma, potentially leading to avoidance, smaller social networks, and worse mental health. Guided by temporal intersectional minority stress theory and intraminority gay community stress theory, this cross-sectional study examined age differences in gay-specific intraminority stigma experiences, community involvement, and their associations among 2,159 gay men aged 19-79 years (M_age = 40.49, SD = 13.43). Compared to younger gay men, older gay men experienced more age stigma from other gay men, but less stigma related to body size/shape, gender expression, race/ethnicity, and nonconformity to mainstream community norms. However, older gay men with lower socioeconomic status (SES) and higher weight reported more intraminority socioeconomic and body stigma, respectively, relative to their younger counterparts. Intraminority body stigma was negatively associated with community involvement among gay men under 30 and positively associated among gay men over 59. Additionally, older gay men with lower status in gay spaces (i.e., lower masculinity, lower SES, higher weight, non-White, non-Democrat) experienced more intraminority gender expression stigma and less community involvement, but less acutely than their younger counterparts. Longitudinal and intersectional research is needed to better understand the clinical implications of intraminority stigma for the psychosocial well-being of gay men across the lifespan.

Involuntary psychiatric detentions have been increasing in Ontario, raising concerns about patient rights and health equity. Social determinants such as immigration status, indigeneity, housing instability, and socioeconomic disadvantage are known to contribute to this trend. However, population-level evidence on how these factors influence involuntary admissions remains limited.

Using data from the Ontario Mental Health Reporting System (2013-2023), the authors analyzed 53,088 adult psychiatric detentions. Sociodemographic and clinical variables from the Resident Assessment Instrument-Mental Health were assessed by logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, psychiatric diagnosis, and previous psychiatric admissions. Joinpoint regression was used to evaluate temporal trends.

Involuntary admission and psychiatric assessment accounted for 28.2% and 25.2% of hospitalizations, respectively. Recent and long-term immigrants had significantly higher odds of involuntary admission (adjusted OR [AOR]=1.37 and 1.51, respectively). Indigenous identity was associated with increased odds of psychiatric assessment (AOR=3.06) but not involuntary admission. Postsecondary education lowered the risk for involuntary psychiatric admission (AOR=0.84). Homelessness and no income were associated with increased odds of psychiatric assessment (AORs=1.73 and 1.11, respectively) and with involuntary admission (AOR=1.87 and 1.43, respectively). Recent and long-term immigrants also had lower odds of psychiatric assessment (AOR=0.81 and 0.95, respectively). Annual involuntary admission rates increased by 3.3% over the decade.

Immigrants, homeless individuals, and those with lower education or income face disproportionate risks for involuntary psychiatric detention in Ontario. Policies that address upstream social determinants, such as housing and income support, and ensure culturally safe preventive care are needed to reduce coercion and promote equity.

Stress-related disorders like depression and anxiety highlight the need for prevention, prompting increased research into various risk and protective factors associated with psychological distress. This study aimed to identify key factors and their strongest associations with distress symptoms within a comprehensive network model of self-reported and behaviorally measured variables. We analyzed interactions between cognitive biases, emotion regulation strategies, emotions, beliefs, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in a cross-sectional sample of 489 participants (78% female) from the general Romanian population using network analysis. Findings indicate that negative emotions, stress, and positive reappraisal were the most highly connected variables to the rest of the network (based on expected influence centrality index). Bridge analyses suggest that stress statistically connects between functional and dysfunctional negative emotions and their associations with mental health factors. Additionally, positive emotions, interpretation bias, and rational beliefs are key in this interplay. These results highlight stress and negative emotions as highly connected nodes in the estimated psychological network, which may guide hypothesis generation for future longitudinal and intervention research.

Functional foods are transitioning from polyphenol-centric paradigms toward peptide-driven bioactivity derived from microbial fermentation. This review identifies Limosilactobacillus reuteri fermented brown rice as a potent source of multifunctional bioactive peptides exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. Quantitative analyses reveal increased γ-aminobutyric acid production (27 micrograms per milliliter), enhanced radical-scavenging activities, and reductions in stress-related biomarkers in vivo. Mechanistically, these peptides modulate the gut-brain axis via activation of the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway, cytokine suppression, and neurotransmitter regulation. Despite these benefits, gastrointestinal instability and low bioavailability restrict translational potential. Nano-delivery systems, such as liposomes, chitosan nanoparticles, and stimuli-responsive hydrogels, address these challenges by facilitating targeted intestinal release, improved absorption, and prolonged bioactivity. This combined fermentation and nanotechnology approach provides a predictive, mechanism-based platform for precision nutrition, supporting advancements in mental health, metabolic regulation, and chronic disease prevention.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) commonly co-occur; those with MDD tend to drink more heavily than others. Efforts to regulate mood in MDD may underlie the predisposition for AUD in this population, and mood regulation may require higher alcohol doses. However, the specific aspects of affect impacted by orally-administered alcohol at different doses and timepoints along the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) curve remain unclear among those with MDD. Affect consists of two independent dimensions-positive and negative (including depressed) affect-with MDD involving both low positive and high depressed affect. We investigated the effects of low and moderately high alcohol doses (target M peak BAC levels = .04% and .08%, respectively) on changes over time in positive and depressed affect in people with MDD. Sixty participants (M age = 26.90 years; 58% women) were randomized to one of three beverage conditions (no, low, and moderately high alcohol doses), completed measures of positive and depressed affect, and provided subjective intoxication and BAC measures at five timepoints. A beverage condition x timepoint x affect type interaction revealed more sustained alleviation of depressed affect and enhancement of positive affect in the moderately high than low dose condition. Only the moderately high dose pushed positive affect above depressed affect at all post-drinking timepoints. Results suggest a dose-response relationship of alcohol in improving affect for people with MDD. The more sustained affective consequences of moderately high alcohol doses might reinforce heavier drinking behaviours in those with MDD, placing them at increased risk for AUD development.

Rural communities experience a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes and diabetes-related mortality than urban populations. This study sought to disaggregate the influences of demographic and socioeconomic factors, food environment, diet quality, and dietary chemical exposures on diabetes risk in rural areas.

We enrolled participants from rural Sullivan County in an observational cohort study involving surveys and biospecimen collection measuring bisphenols and phthalates. We measured these endocrine disrupting chemicals found in food packaging, as rural residents generally consume canned foods and other shelf-stable foods more frequently than their urban counterparts. We used LASSO regression to compare the relative influence of these factors had on rural diabetes risk.

Based on values for LASSO regression coefficients among 276 participants, the strongest risk factors for diagnosed diabetes included: older age (+0.486), lower household income (+0.172), Hispanic ethnicity (+0.124), red meat intake (+0.093), proportion of fast food restaurants among nearby restaurants (+0.071), and two phthalates (+0.149 and + 0.107). Among study participants without a history of diabetes, high HbA1c levels were associated with older age (+0.106), being non-Hispanic Black (+0.064), more trans-fat and red meat intake (+0.044 and +0.028), higher BMI (+0.014), higher levels of total bisphenols (+0.005), and higher levels of high-molecular weight phthalates (+0.002).

Demographic and socioeconomic factors were the strongest predictors of rural diabetes risk; however, diet quality, food environment, and dietary chemical exposures also each played a key role. Our study identified modifiable risk factors, which could help reduce the burden of rural diabetes.

Antibiotics are commonly overused to treat upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in HIV-infected adults in primary healthcare settings, even though viruses cause most URTIs. Therefore, a de-implementation of unnecessary antibiotic prescribing for URTIs was implemented in these settings. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate a strategy to de-implement unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions among ambulatory HIV-infected adults with acute URTI symptoms using the reach-effectiveness-adoption-implementation-maintenance (RE-AIM) framework.

We conducted a three-phase (pre-implementation, adaptation-implementation, and post-implementation), hybrid type II effectiveness-implementation study utilizing a two-arm, parallel cluster-randomized controlled trial design involving HIV-infected adults recruited from six primary healthcare facilities (intervention 1^o de Maio, Bagamoyo, and Matola-2, whilst Alto Maé, Hulene, and Ndlavela as control) in Mozambique. Quantitative data were collected from June to September 2024, while qualitative data were collected from October to December 2024. The intervention included a clinical decision support algorithm (CDSA), training and supervision of clinicians, and prescription audits. The intervention was evaluated using four dimensions of the RE-AIM framework: reach, effectiveness, adoption, and implementation. We used Pearson's chi-square test and relative risk to assess the effect of the intervention.

Among 387 HIV-infected adults approached, 379 (97.9%) were successfully recruited, with 182 (48%) in the intervention and 197 (52%) in the control group. Among the recruited patients, the mean age was 44 ± 12.3 years, and 286 (75.5%) were female. The intervention resulted in 33.2% fewer antibiotics prescribed compared to controls (RR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.31-0.55). The antibiotic prescribing rate was 23.1% in the intervention and 56.3% in the control group. All three intervention sites (100%) and all clinicians (100%) demonstrated a commitment to de-implementing antibiotics. The implementation protocol was delivered as planned. Almost all participants (n = 21) in focus group discussions (FGD) were either satisfied or very satisfied with the intervention. They reported the effectiveness of the CDSA and the change in attitudes and antibiotic prescribing practices.

Based on the RE-AIM evaluation, the implementation of the planned intervention was successful as it effectively promoted de-implementation and reduced unnecessary antibiotics for URTIs. The strategy employed in this study should be evaluated in other areas to determine if the same findings are observed elsewhere.

ISRCTN, ISRCTN88272350. Registered 16 May 2024, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN88272350.