Objective: To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of the recombinant bee venom peptide LSSDR412 on the malignant biological behavior of cervical cancer in vitro and in vivo, and to provide a theoretical basis for its potential clinical translation. Methods: Peptide LSSDR412 was obtained by chemical synthesis. Different concentrations of LSSDR412 were used as treatment groups. The effects of peptide LSSDR412 on the survival and proliferation of cervical cancer cell lines (Hela cells and Caski cells) were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and clone formation assay. Transwell chamber assay was used to detect the effect on cell migration and invasion. Western blot and co-immunoprecipitation assay were used to detect the expression and interaction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway related proteins. The cervical cancer xenograft model was established in nude mice, and the volume of subcutaneous xenograft tumor was detected after intraperitoneal injection of LSSDR412. The expression of the proliferation associated nuclear antigen (Ki-67) was detected by immunofluorescence. The lung metastasis model of cervical cancer bearing nude mice was established, and HE staining was used to detect the effect of intraperitoneal injection of LSSDR412 on lung metastasis. Results: Compared with the cells without LSSDR412 treatment, the survival rate, clone number, invasive and migratory cell number of Hela and Caski cells were significantly decreased after LSSDR412 treatment (all P<0.05), and showed a concentration-dependent trend. LSSDR412 could inhibit the EMT process of cervical cancer and inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway through Claudin-4 (CLDN4) to play an anti-cervical cancer effect. The results of in vivo experiments showed that the tumor weight of the LSSDR412 group was significantly lower than that of the control group [(0.292±0.073) vs (0.480±0.117) g; t=3.341, P=0.008]. The positive rate of Ki-67 in tumor tissue was significantly lower than that in the control group (21.95%±5.60% vs 87.27%±6.35%; t=26.72, P<0.001), and the proportion of intrapulmonary metastases was significantly lower than that of the control group [25.0% (16.3%, 45.0%) vs 39.1% (31.3%, 48.3%); U=31.00, P=0.044]. There was no significant pathological change in liver and kidney tissue structure in the LSSDR412 group. Conclusions: Peptide LSSDR412 shows significant inhibitory effects on the proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo with no apparent toxic side effects. Its antitumor activity is primarily mediated through the suppression of the CLDN4-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is a common manifestation of advanced solid tumors such as colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. Traditional systemic chemotherapy has limited efficacy due to the blood-peritoneal barrier. With the development of local treatment technologies, the therapeutic model has shifted to "systemic+local" combined therapy. This article systematically summarizes mainstream local treatment options, including core technologies such as cytoreductive surgery (CRS), hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), and pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC), as well as the operational standards, indications, and clinical evidence of combined strategies like CRS+HIPEC. Meanwhile, it analyzes the differences in individualized treatment pathways for PM derived from different tumors. Studies have shown that CRS+HIPEC, as the core curative scheme, can significantly prolong the survival of some patients; minimally invasive technologies such as PIPAC and normothermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (NIPEC) provide new options for patients intolerant to major surgery; the combination of targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and local treatment shows synergistic potential. Currently, this field still faces challenges such as unbalanced evidence levels and inconsistent selection criteria. In the future, efforts should focus on precision, minimally invasive, and individualized development, optimizing treatment strategies through multi-omics technologies and evidence-based research to improve patient prognosis.

Peritoneal metastasis is an advanced stage of gastrointestinal cancers. The Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR), and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways are associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, mesothelial-mesenchymal transition, and the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Moreover, these changes contribute to the development of peritoneal metastasis. Besides, the immune-stromal remodeling also plays an important role in the development of this process. Recent research is increasingly focusing on targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and TGF-β signaling, in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. For treatment, cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy and pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy after new local therapeutic options for patients with peritoneal metastasis. This article systematically reviews the advances in basic and clinical-translational research on peritoneal metastasis in gastrointestinal cancers, which gives a reference for shifting the management of peritoneal metastasis from an empirical approach toward a more precise, intervention-based strategy.

Large Borrmann type III (with maximum tumor diameter ≥8 cm) and Borrmann type IV gastric cancers typically show diffuse infiltration with ill-defined borders and a high frequency of serosal invasion and positive peritoneal lavage cytology, resulting in a high risk of postoperative peritoneal recurrence. Current clinical strategies focus on preventing peritoneal metastasis or recurrence, emphasizing the optimization of perioperative systemic therapy based on precise stratification through staging laparoscopy combined with peritoneal lavage cytology, and exploring the rational combination of triple-drug chemotherapy with immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapy, as well as the screening of suitable populations. Intraperitoneal regional therapy is still in the evidence accumulation phase, requiring combination with standardized surgery and perioperative management, and high-quality prospective studies should be conducted to validate outcomes related to peritoneal recurrence. This article reviews the progress in the prevention and treatment of peritoneal metastasis in large Borrmann type III (with maximum tumor diameter ≥8 cm) and type IV gastric cancer, providing references for clinical decision-making and research design.

The academic research course of pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) has been tortuous and long. It is not until the past 40 years that a cognitive system consistent with the core theories of oncology has gradually been formed, and the level of clinical diagnosis and treatment has also made considerable progress. A comprehensive treatment technology system centered on cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has been established. This article sorts out and summarizes the cutting-edge research progress in the field of PMP at the 15th International Peritoneal Cancer Congress, combines clinical practice to explore its enlightenment for clinical work, scientific research exploration, and the construction of peritoneal oncology discipline in China, aiming to provide reference for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of PMP and related research in China.

Peritoneal surface malignancies represent a metastatic pattern of advanced gastrointestinal and other malignant tumors, which are difficult to treat and associated with poor prognosis. Cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS+HIPEC) is the standard treatment for peritoneal tumors recommended by the Peritoneal Surface Oncology Group International (PSOGI). In recent years, peritoneal tumors have evolved from a "cold" field to a "hot" topic in oncological academia. An increasing number of prospective clinical studies have been published worldwide, providing new insights into the management of peritoneal tumors. At the 2025 PSOGI Congress, several issues emerged as key research hotspots in peritoneal tumors, including the presentation of the CAIRO6 trial on preoperative chemotherapy for CRS, the pros and cons debate on the application value of pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) in peritoneal tumors, the impact of pathological types on survival prognosis, the value of laparoscopic minimally invasive techniques in CRS, and the selection of chemotherapeutic agents for HIPEC. China has kept pace with international developments in the field of peritoneal tumors, conducting a series of studies ranging from clinical research to basic translational research. This article reviews the similarities and differences in the treatment of peritoneal tumors between China and abroad, as well as the pathological diagnosis and classification, patient selection for CRS, key points in the implementation of CRS and HIPEC, differences in preoperative chemotherapy regimens, and selection of HIPEC chemotherapeutic agents, aiming to provide new ideas for the therapeutic direction of peritoneal tumors.

With the remarkable improvement in the survival rate of patients after sphincter-preserving radical resection for rectal cancer, pelvic organ dysfunction has become a core issue affecting patients' quality of life. However, in clinical practice, there is a lack of standardized assessment of pelvic organ function and systematic rehabilitation strategies. To address this issue, the Colorectal Cancer Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, the Colorectal Cancer Committee of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, the Neuromodulation Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and the Colorectal and Anal Functional Surgery Branch of the Chinese Society of Andrology jointly initiated the formulation of this consensus. They organized domestic experts engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of rectal cancer and related fields, systematically reviewed relevant domestic and international studies, and combined clinical practice. Centering on the incidence, risk factors, assessment methods, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of postoperative organ dysfunction in rectal cancer, under the guidance of the integrated concept of "prevention-treatment-rehabilitation", and integrating the multidisciplinary wisdom of gastrointestinal surgery, urology, sexual medicine, rehabilitation medicine and other disciplines, the experts standardized the pelvic organ function assessment strategies, surgical techniques and dysfunction rehabilitation strategies in three stages of "preoperative assessment - intraoperative protection - postoperative rehabilitation", put forward recommendations, and conducted discussions and voting, thus formulating « Expert consensus on the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of pelvic organ dysfunction after rectal cancer surgery (2026 version) ». This consensus aims to raise the awareness of domestic clinicians regarding organ function protection during the treatment of rectal cancer, standardize the implementation of organ function assessment and surgical methods, develop a rehabilitation strategy for recto-vesical-sexual dysfunction after sphincter-preserving rectal cancer surgery suitable for national conditions to reduce the incidence of organ dysfunction, and provide solutions for the rehabilitation of pelvic organ dysfunction in patients while ensuring the curative effect of radical rectal cancer treatment.

To evaluate the image quality and diagnostic performance of a newly developed three-dimensional automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) system, MammouS-N, characterized by mammography-like geometry. In this prospective study of 121 women with 139 breast lesions, MammouS-N images were obtained in three different projections and reviewed in consensus by two breast radiologists blinded to prior imaging and pathology. Image quality was rated for six parameters. Lesion detectability and BI-RADS categories were compared between MammouS-N and hand-held ultrasound (HHUS), and their concordance was assessed using κ statistics. Diagnostic performance was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis with pathology as the reference standard. MammouS-N achieved diagnostically acceptable image quality (score ≥ 4) in over 90% of cases and near-complete coverage in 98.6% of breasts. Of 139 lesions, 131 (94.2%) were visualized, including 88 of 92 malignant lesions (95.7%). The area under the ROC curve for malignancy detection was 0.893 for MammouS-N (95% CI, 0.844-0.943) and 0.923 (95% CI, 0.885-0.962) for HHUS, without a significant difference (p = 0.207). BI-RADS concordance between MammouS-N and HHUS showed moderate-to-substantial agreement (Cohen's κ = 0.45; weighted κ = 0.65), with a mild benign-leaning tendency, as downgrades exceeded upgrades (2.1% of benign and 12.0% of malignant lesions were downgraded relative to HHUS. MammouS-N demonstrated high image quality, excellent lesion detectability, and comparable diagnostic concordance with HHUS. Its mammography-aligned geometry facilitates spatial correspondence across modalities, supporting its potential as a complementary imaging tool for breast cancer screening.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are pivotal in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The efficacy of targeting the CSF-1/CSF-1R axis in PDAC remains uncertain. Using single-cell RNA sequencing on specimens from patients treated with Surufatinib plus chemotherapy, we identified a distinct subset of damage-associated macrophages (DAMs) characterized by high GPR34 expression. In Gpr34^ΔLyz2 mouse models and in vitro co-cultures, GPR34⁺ macrophages responded to tissue damage by releasing lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS), which enhanced CXCL16 secretion and efferocytosis. This efferocytosis promoted MHC-I degradation via the macrophage lysosomal pathway, leading to CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion. Combining a GPR34 antagonist with chemotherapy and surufatinib significantly enhanced anti-tumor responses in preclinical models. These findings identify GPR34 as a promising immune therapeutic target.