Advancements in radiation therapy allow for targeting smaller tumor volumes with exceedingly conformal precision. Target motion during the breathing cycle needs to be anticipated. To date, no information exists that characterizes the motion of canine thoracic tumors during the respiratory cycle. The primary purpose of this study is to assess the pattern of motion of thoracic tumors in three-dimensional (3D) space between inspiratory and expiratory breath holds as a surrogate measurement of the breathing cycle. A secondary aim is to evaluate whether tumor position within the thorax relates to the degree of motion. Fourteen dogs were prospectively enrolled and received thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans with pre- and post-contrast inspiratory and expiratory phases achieved via manual breath holds. Gross tumor volume (GTV) and normal structures were delineated on inspiratory and expiratory image sets, and shifts were measured and analyzed. Smaller tumors had more motion in the dorsoventral direction compared to larger tumors (p = 0.047; rs = -0.44). The same observation was appreciated in the craniocaudal direction (p = 0.008; rs = -0.56). Dogs with multiple tumors had more motion in the dorsoventral direction and the craniocaudal direction compared to dogs with solitary tumors (p = 0.035; p = 0.022). Caudal tumors had significantly more 3D motion (p < 0.001) and craniocaudal motion (p < 0.001) compared to cranial tumors, whereas there was significantly more lateral motion (p < 0.001) between peripheral and central tumors, but no significant difference in 3D motion (p = 0.24). The variability of tumor motion between canine patients supports individualized assessments of each case to ensure best practice.

population working or living in agriculture settings may experience important exposure to pesticides and other agents. Although some health effects associated with them are well known, for others (e.g., neurological diseases and lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissue cancers) additional epidemiological evidence is needed.

to investigate mortality for neurological diseases and cancer in workers employed in agriculture in Italy.

case-control study using mortality data linked with working histories retrieved from the Italian National Social Insurance archive.

countrywide mortality data from 2005 to 2018 were used. Cases were blue-collar workers with primary/middle school education who died from selected causes; controls were individuals with the same characteristics, but died from all other causes. Each participant was assigned to the economic sector in which he/she worked for the longest period. Cause-specific mortality odds ratios (MORs) adjusted for age class, educational level, year of death, and region of residence were estimated using logistic regression models in which exposure of interest was "ever/never" (or length of employment) in agriculture using the service sectors as (unexposed) reference category. Analyses were adjusted for or stratified by gender.

MORs for causes of death within the groups of mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders (F01-F99), diseases of the nervous system (G00-G99), and malignant neoplasms (C00-C96)Results: about 64,000 workers employed in agriculture were included and compared with a control group of 107,000 workers in the service sector. Elevated mortality risk in agriculture workers was found for spinal muscular atrophy (MOR 1.26; 95%CI 1.03-1.56; 261 deaths) and Parkinson's disease (PD) (MOR 1.16; 95%CI 1.00-1.34; 742 deaths). As for cancer mortality, positive associations were found for non-follicular lymphoma (NFL) (MOR 1.59; 95%CI 1.03-2.46; 82 deaths), multiple myeloma (MM) (MOR 1.42; 95%CI 1.22-1.65; 546 deaths), and myeloid leukaemia (ML) (MOR 1.36; 95%CI 1.16-1.60; 474 deaths), as well as for stomach (MOR 1.30; 95%CI 1.20-1.41; 1,732 deaths), prostate (MOR 2.03; 95%CI 1.85-2.24, 1,582 deaths), and brain and central nervous system cancer (MOR 1.30; 95%CI 1.13-1.50; 601 deaths). PD, NFL, ML, cancers of skin, of connective and soft tissue, of prostate and of brain were found to involve mainly men.

employment in agriculture has been associated with various health risks, some of which may be attributed to pesticides exposure. Although the use of the different agronomic categories of pesticides changed over time and some active ingredients were prohibited or limited, their health effects remain of concern for their large use, demanding further focused investigations and preventive measures.

to explore the experiences and training needs of healthcare workers involved in cancer screening programmes in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic.

an anonymous questionnaire was developed by the Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention, and Clinical Network (ISPRO) of Florence (Italy), distributed using Google Forms between May and June 2023. Responses were collected using 5-point Likert scales, multiple-choice questions, and open-ended prompts. Descriptive analyses were performed using Stata/SE version 16.1 for quantitative data; thematic analysis was applied to open-ended questions.

the Italian Ministry of Health's CCM 2021 multiregional programme aimed to develop a training programme for cancer screening professionals to address COVID-19-related issues and maintain a high level of preparedness. This exploratory survey guided the design of the training programme which targeted cancer screening workers in 3 Regions: Toscana, Emilia-Romagna, and Basilicata.

the questionnaire comprised 36 items in 3 sections: experiences during the pandemic, organizational support, and sociodemographic characteristics.

the responses were 317. Participants were predominantly female (82.3%), mostly from Emilia-Romagna (65.0%) and Toscana (33.1%). The most frequently reported negative consequence concerned psychological well-being (63.1%), yet only 3.5% of the participants received psychological counselling, and nearly half (49.8%) reported no organizational support. However, teamwork and collaboration among colleagues were generally high (87.1%); 65.9% reported developing new competencies. Many opposed suspending first-level screening in future emergencies (46.1%) and strongly supported reaffirming screening importance within healthcare (89.3%) and society (92.8%). A structured pandemic plan was considered the most valuable measure (63.1%).

enhancing cancer screening programme resilience requires a systems-level approach integrating psychological support and proactive governance. Future policies should use these insights to safeguard users and professionals.

Pain is a common and distressing symptom for pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), arising from the disease itself, its treatment, and associated medical procedures. The early phase of treatment is particularly challenging, as children experience multiple, rapidly evolving sources of pain. Despite its prevalence, pain during this period remains poorly characterized. This study qualitatively examined pain experiences among children with ALL during induction and early consolidation.

Twenty caregivers of children with ALL (ages 2-17) and eight patients (ages 8-17) participated in two semi-structured interviews capturing pain experiences across early treatment. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Eight themes described key dimensions of the pain experience: Sources of Pain, Pain Characteristics, Pain-Related Symptoms, Factors Influencing Pain, Pain Impact, Pain Expression, Pain Management Tools, and Barriers to Pain Management. These themes reflected the evolving, multidimensional nature of pain during early treatment.

Children with ALL experience substantial and multifaceted pain early in their cancer trajectory. Findings underscore the need for early, developmentally informed, and family-centered approaches to pain assessment and management that address the complex and evolving nature of pain during initial treatment.

In the Republic of Korea, the limited outpatient consultation time for serious illnesses has been widely cited as a major concern for quality of care, often referred to as the "3-minute consultation." Short consultations hinder essential clinical functions, weaken physician-patient communication, and may lead to inefficient healthcare utilization. However, little research has been conducted on whether consultation time affects the perceived quality of outpatient care, particularly from both the patient's and the physician's perspectives.

An experimental vignette-based survey was conducted with 2,023 individuals from the general public and 324 junior physicians between August 5 and 26, 2024. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four consultation scenarios (3, 5, 10, or 15 minutes), each depicting an initial outpatient visit for a cancer patient at a tertiary hospital. Perceived quality of care was assessed using a 13-item questionnaire that covered key aspects of the patient experience, likely consequences of the consultation, and overall perceptions. Responses were measured on a 5-point Likert scale (1 for strongly disagree to 5 for strongly agree), except for the final item on overall rating. For each item, trend analysis was conducted to test whether a greater amount of consultation time is associated with higher perceived quality of care. Differences between the general public and physician samples were also examined.

Longer consultation times were associated with higher perceived quality of care across almost all items and groups (P for trend < 0.001). Scores for respect and courtesy increased from 1.93 (general public) and 2.06 (physicians) at 3 minutes to 4.16 and 4.59 at 15 minutes, respectively, with similar trends for attentiveness, information provision, explanation clarity, and patient participation. Trust in the physician and anxiety reduction also improved with longer consultations, while likelihoods of second-opinion visits and unnecessary testing decreased, though to a lesser extent. Physicians tended to rate the quality of care more favorably than the general public.

Longer consultation times are likely to improve the quality of care in tertiary oncology outpatient settings, from both the patient and physician perspectives.

Patients with advanced cancer experience significant existential distress, necessitating culturally sensitive interventions to enhance psychological well-being. This study explored a modified form of dignity therapy (mDT) that incorporates a photo-collage intervention to address these needs considering the Korean cultural context, where family relationships fundamentally shape individual identity and coping processes.

Thirteen Korean patients with advanced cancer participated in this qualitative study, which involved integrated reflexive thematic analysis of interview transcripts and participant-generated photo-collages. The intervention combined semi-structured interviews based on mDT protocols with autobiographical image collections reflecting meaningful life experiences. Data were analyzed using an integrated approach, systematically cross-referencing verbal narratives with visual expressions.

The analysis revealed that family serves as the central organizing principle through which Korean patients interpret illness experiences. Family provided the foundation of meaning and identity, with life values gained through familial roles and sacrifices, prominently represented in images of family members. Participants emphasized reluctance to burden loved ones, and treatment decisions were filtered by family considerations.

Psychosocial interventions for Korean patients with advanced cancer benefit from addressing family dynamics as a core therapeutic component. Integrated analysis of textual and visual data revealed cultural themes not fully captured through interviews alone, supporting the development of family-centered therapeutic models tailored to Korean cultural values and collective identity structures.

Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0009394.

A cancer diagnosis is frequently accompanied by significant psychological distress, particularly during radiotherapy (RT). Given that many established risk factors for distress are largely immutable, identifying resilience resources that promote adjustment during RT is a central clinical priority. The present longitudinal study examined whether emotional entitlement, gratitude, and perceived social support predict end-of-treatment anxiety, depression, and life satisfaction beyond baseline psychological status. Participants were 146 cancer patients undergoing RT (Mean age = 56.17 years, SD = 11.65; 89.9% female). Data were collected at three time points across the RT regimen: at the pre-treatment RT simulation session, during the first RT session, and at treatment completion, approximately 3-6 weeks later. Measures included anxiety and depression symptoms, life satisfaction, emotional entitlement, gratitude, and perceived social support. Results indicated that anxiety decreased and life satisfaction increased from baseline to treatment completion, whereas depressive symptoms remained stable over time. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed to predict post-treatment outcomes while controlling baseline levels of the respective variables. Across all models, baseline psychological status emerged as a robust predictor of end-of-treatment outcomes. However, resilience resources contributed additional explanatory power for depression and life satisfaction. Higher emotional entitlement to positive emotions predicted greater life satisfaction and lower depressive symptoms, whereas reduced perceived friend support was associated with higher depression. Unexpectedly, higher gratitude was associated with lower life satisfaction at treatment completion. In contrast, anxiety was predicted exclusively by baseline anxiety. These findings suggest distinct predictive patterns across psychological outcomes during RT. Whereas end-of-treatment anxiety was predicted primarily by initial anxiety levels, depression and life satisfaction were also associated with modifiable emotional and interpersonal resources. The results underscore the importance of early psychological screening and targeted psychosocial interventions aimed at strengthening emotional resources and peer support during radiotherapy.

To assess the clinical and non-clinical factors leading to non-compliance or discontinuation of hypomethylating agent therapy in patients of myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia.

The prospective, observational, cohort study was conducted at the National Institute of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, from January 2022 to January 2024, and comprised patients diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndromes or chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia who were started on a monthly cycle of hypomethylating agent therapy, but either discontinued treatment or suffered from treatment interruption of 60 days or more. Demographics and clinical data was collected from the medical records and a questionnaire-based survey via direct interview with the patients. Data was analysed using SPSS 25. .

Of the 39 patients with median age 60 years (interquartile range: 53-70 years), 25(64.1%) were male, 23(59%) had myelodysplastic syndromes, and 16(41%) had chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia. The median number of hypomethylating agent cycles received was 3 (interquartile range: 01-11). Common clinical factors influencing poor persistence to therapy included comorbidities 16(41.0%) and infections 15(38.4%). Among the non-clinical factors, affordability, patients' perception of disease, weak family support, and drug unavailability were commonly associated with non-persistence to therapy, with treatment affordability showing a statistically significant association (p=0.037).

The factors leading to poor compliance related to hypomethylating agent therapy among patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia could be predicted beforehand and addressed to a certain degree through collaborative efforts.

To investigate the demographic characteristics associated with bladder cancer recurrence..

The retrospective study was conducted at the Urology Clinic of İzmir Katip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Turkiye, and comprised data from 2013 to 2017 related to patients who received intravesical treatment in the early postoperative period and did not show recurrence in at least two years of follow up. Patients with non-recurrent primary bladder cancer were placed in group A, while patients with recurrent bladder cancer tumours who underwent transurethral bladder tumour resection and received a single dose of intravesical therapy were placed in group B. Demographic and clinical characteristics of all the patients were noted in detail. Data was analysed using SPSS 25.

Of the 118 patients, 67(56.8%) were in group A; 56(83.6%) males and 11(16.4%) females with mean age 63.5±10.3 years. There were 51(43.2%) patients in group B; 44(86.3%) males and 7(13.7%) females with mean age 66.5±10.4 years (p>0.05). The median follow-up time in group A was 24 months (interquartile range: 24-48 months) and it was 24 months (interquartile range: 6-108 months) in group B (p=0.336). There were significant intergroup differences in terms of occupational distributions, living place, exposure to carcinogenic substances, use of plastic ware, six weeks of maintenance intravesical therapy, daily water intake, and coffee consumption (p<0.05).

A number of factors were identified that may have a role in ensuring recurrence-free survival among bladder cancer patients.

Low-level residual viremia can be present in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients on nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs). Due to the detection limits of current HBV DNA assays, the association between residual viremia and HBV-related HCC has not been well studied. This study included NUC-treated HBV-related HCC patients with unquantifiable serum HBV DNA by the conventional Cobas-Taqman assay (< 20 IU/mL) at HCC diagnosis. The HCC patients were matched in a 1:1 ratio with NUC-treated non-HCC controls. Serum samples at the time of HCC diagnosis, 1 year before, and 2 years before diagnosis were retrospectively retrieved and tested for residual viremia by a validated high-sensitivity droplet digital polymerase chain reaction assay (lower limit of detection 1.6 IU/mL). Among 208 patients (104 HCC vs. 104 controls; mean age 63.1, 80.8% male, 54.3% cirrhosis), residual viremia within 2 years was observed in 82.7% of HCC patients and 49.0% of controls (p < 0.001), and was independently associated with HCC occurrence (OR 7.243, 95% CI 1.862-28.170, p = 0.004). In HCC patients, residual viremia was associated with histological microvascular invasion (44.4% vs. 9.1% in patients without residual viremia, p = 0.033) and lower probability of presenting with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage 0 HCC (OR 0.281, 95% CI 0.094-0.838, p = 0.023). After median follow-up for 7.2 years, residual viremia within 2 years before HCC diagnosis was independently associated with liver-related mortality (HR 4.472, 95% CI 1.212-16.504, p = 0.025). Residual viremia in NUC-treated CHB patients is associated with a higher risk of HCC development, more advanced tumour staging and poorer outcomes. High-sensitivity HBV DNA assays may be utilized for monitoring in NUC treatment.