The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) approach aids laparoscopic right colectomy but relies on one landmark. The modified SMA (M-SMA) adds the ligament of Treitz as a second reference to improve safety and efficiency in complex anatomy.

This retrospective analysis included 306 patients who underwent totally laparoscopic radical resection for right-sided colon cancer, divided into the SMA group (n = 147) and the M-SMA group (n = 159). Propensity score matching was applied to balance baseline characteristics. Intraoperative outcomes-including operative time, blood loss, and postoperative complications-were compared between groups.

The M-SMA group demonstrated significantly shorter operative times and reduced intraoperative blood loss (p < .05). The overall postoperative complication rate was also significantly lower in the M-SMA group (11.3% vs. 23.8%, p = .004), with the most notable reduction observed in the incidence of chylous fistula. No significant differences were found in lymph node yield, length of hospital stay, or overall recovery.

The M-SMA approach demonstrates clear perioperative advantages over the traditional SMA technique, including reduced blood loss and a lower complication rate. It may represent a safer and more effective option for patients with complex vascular anatomy undergoing laparoscopic right hemicolectomy.

This study investigated the factors that contribute to surgical satisfaction in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). We assessed a total of 208 patients who underwent RARP for prostate cancer between May 2020 and April 2022 and completed the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire. The EPIC questionnaire was evaluated in the first and second year after surgery. We examined how treatment outcomes, such as urinary continence, sexual function, resection margins, and PSA recurrence, were associated with patient satisfaction. In the first year, 22, 52, 21, 3, and 2% of the patients were very satisfied (5 points), satisfied (4 points), neither satisfied nor dissatisfied (3 points), dissatisfied (2 points), and very dissatisfied (1 point), respectively ; the corresponding patient satisfaction in the second year was 24, 46, 27, 1, and 2%. Urinary continence was a significant factor contributing to patient satisfaction in the first and second postoperative years. Other outcomes were not statistically associated with patient satisfaction in the first or second year. In conclusion, postoperative urinary continence was the most significant factor contributing to patient satisfaction.

BACKGROUND This study examines the efficacy of biologically guided dose painting in Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKSRS) to improve radiographic response in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas by increasing radiation dosage in functionally active tumor subregions identified through magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and T1-weighted perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (T1-PMRI). MATERIAL AND METHODS In this single-arm cohort of patients (n=23) with recurrent high-grade glioma, all patients previously treated with surgery, chemotherapy, and fractionated radiotherapy underwent GKSRS. Functional imaging (MRS and T1-weighted PMRI) delineated metabolically active ("aggressive") and less active ("passive") tumor regions. A modified radiosurgery plan prescribed 18 Gy to aggressive and 15 Gy to passive zones. For intra-patient comparison, a uniform-dose plan (plan 1, 16 Gy) was generated but not delivered. All statistical analyses were performed in Python 3.11 (SciPy-v1.11, statsmodels-v0.14, lifelines-v0.28) executed in Visual Studio Code 1.88 (Microsoft). RESULTS Across 23 patients, plan 2 vs plan 1 showed no significant change in whole-brain mean dose (P=0.716), integral dose (P=0.792), or V12 (P=0.583). Among 11 patients with follow-up imaging, K-trans decreased significantly (median, -18%; P=0.028; Wilcoxon) with a trend for initial area under the gadolinium concentration-time curve (IAUC; median, -22%; P=0.031 for table; overall P=0.08 for initial under curve analysis). Higher baseline K-trans correlated with greater K-trans reduction (r=-0.84, P=0.0012). CONCLUSIONS Using advanced MRI techniques (accounting for K-trans and IAUC on T1-PMRI, and MRS) to determine aggressive zones in salvage treatment for recurrent high-grade gliomas, and then focusing radiotherapy on these zones, can increase Gamma Knife efficiency without increasing the morbidity rate.

Radiation therapy (RT) is a vital modality for tumor control and palliative care in veterinary oncology. Despite increasing interest in Korea, no systematic study has analyzed the trends of RT in companion animals.

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the trends in RT among dogs and cats treated at the S Animal Cancer Center in Korea from 2020 to 2023.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 376 animals (308 dogs and 68 cats) receiving RT for various tumors. Data collected included species, breed, sex, age, weight, tumor location, tumor type, RT protocols, and concurrent treatments.

The number of patients receiving RT increased from 59 in 2020 to 120 in 2023, reflecting a 103.4% increase over the study period. Sinonasal, intracranial, oral, genitourinary, and skin tumors were the most common, with stereotactic RT being most commonly used for sinonasal and intracranial tumors. Of the patients, 175 (46.5%) received RT alone, 96 (25.5%) with chemotherapy, 64 (17%) with surgery, and 41 (10.9%) with both surgery and chemotherapy. Thirty-one patients (8.2%) underwent multiple RT sessions, primarily for sinonasal tumors (11 cases).

This study provides the first systematic analysis of RT use in companion animals in Korea and establishes a foundational dataset for future work in veterinary radiation oncology. The findings highlight the growing clinical use of RT and underscore the need for further research to optimize treatment protocols and evaluate patient outcomes in Korean veterinary oncology.

Chest low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is extensively utilized for lung cancer screening, offering a concurrent opportunity to assess thoracic vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) using quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Nonetheless, the value of thoracic BMD (TBMD) in estimating the risk of fractures within this population remains underexplored.

We sought to assess the association between fractures and QCT-based TBMD derived from chest LDCT in a lung cancer screening population.

A prospective study was conducted involving 546 adults aged 40 to 74 years who were enrolled in a lung cancer screening program between 2017 and 2021. TBMD and lumbar BMD (LBMD) were assessed from chest LDCT scans using QCT. Self-reported incident fractures were recorded over a 3-year period, and vertebral fractures (VFs) were evaluated on follow-up CT. Binary logistic regression models and area under the curve (AUC) analyses were utilized to develop and compare the models incorporating TBMD, LBMD, and FRAX for estimating fracture risk.

Out of the total participants, 323 individuals (59.2%) were found to have VFs, while 16 individuals (2.9%) reported experiencing incident fractures over a period of three years. In unadjusted logistic regression analyses, TBMD was associated with CT-detected VFs (OR = 0.955; 95% CI: 0.947 - 0.963). After adjusting for age and current smoking, TBMD remained associated with CT-detected VFs (OR = 0.953; 95% CI: 0.944 - 0.962). The optimal TBMD threshold for CT-detected VFs was 124 mg/cm³, with a sensitivity of 79.3%, a specificity of 70.9% and AUC of 0.823. Notably, self-reported incident fractures were significantly associated with TBMD (OR = 0.982; 95% CI: 0.965-0.999), independent of adjustment for excessive alcohol consumption (OR = 0.982; 95% CI: 0.965-0.999). The optimal TBMD threshold for self-reported incident fractures was determined to be 94 mg/cm³, with a sensitivity of 62.5%, a specificity of 77.0%, and an AUC of 0.678.

QCT-based TBMD derived from LDCT scans might be a feasible and effective tool for identifying individuals with VFs and an elevated risk of incident fracture, without additional radiation exposure in lung cancer screening populations.

The impact of pectoralis major fascia (PMF) preservation during endoscopic thyroidectomy (ET) via axillary approach on postoperative recovery remains poorly understood. This study aimed to compare the quality of life (QoL) and shoulder function between patients with and without PMF preservation intraoperatively.

A total of 77 patients were enrolled, including 39 cases with the PMF preservation (Group A) and 38 cases without (Group B). Postoperatively QoL and shoulder joint function were assessed at 1month, 3 months, and 6 months using Thyroid Cancer-Specific Quality of Life (THYCA-QoL) questionnaire and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form (ASES) questionnaire, respectively.

The median follow-up time was 7.55 ± 1.36 months across all cases. Intraoperatively, Group A exhibited significantly lower total drainage volume than Group B (p <0.001). During postoperative follow-up, while THYCA-QoL scores were comparable at 1 and 6 months, Group A demonstrated superior neuromuscular (p = 0.03), sympathetic (p = 0.01), and sensory (p = 0.01) recovery at 6 months. ASES scores revealed no differences at 1 month, however, by 3 months, Group A achieved higher total scores (p = 0.02). At 6 months, Group A outperformed Group B in total ASES score (p < 0.001), pain (p = 0.04), and function (p < 0.001).

Preserving the PMF during ET via an axillary approach can improve QoL, reduce bleeding, enhance long-term sensory and shoulder functional recovery, suggesting that the protection of PMF might have a positive impact on the postoperative patient recovery.

Cervical cancer remains a major global public health concern; however, its burden among younger women in East Asia has not been systematically characterized across spatial, temporal, and age dimensions.

This study analyzed the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs of cervical cancer among females aged <40 years in China, Japan, and South Korea from 1990 to 2021 using GBD 2021 data. The results highlight distinct geographic and temporal patterns with urgent implications for public health policies. Strengthening HPV vaccination, expanding screening, and targeted campaigns are critical to reducing the burden and aligning with the WHO elimination goals.

Between 1990 and 2021, the burden of cervical cancer among females aged <40 years in China, Japan, and South Korea showed distinct geographic and temporal patterns. In 2021, Japan maintained the highest incidence, prevalence, and DALYs, whereas China recorded the highest mortality. Temporal trends indicated a rising incidence in Japan and China but a decline in South Korea, while mortality and DALY rates decreased substantially in China and South Korea and remained low in Japan. Across all countries, the burden was predominantly concentrated in women aged 30-39 years, with a stable overall age composition, but a slight increase in the proportion of the 35-39-year group over time.

Despite modest reductions in age-standardized burden, cervical cancer remains a significant issue for women under 40 years of age in East Asia, compounded by suboptimal HPV vaccine uptake and COVID-era disruptions. Therefore, strengthening vaccination, expanding screening, and launching public health campaigns are urgent priorities.

To evaluate the technical performance and clinical integration of FoundationOne®CDx (F1CDx) for high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), focusing on its role in guiding PARP inhibitor (PARPi) therapy recommendations in a tertiary oncology center.

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 178 F1CDx tests performed on 168 HGSOC patients with unknown BRCA mutation status between January 2019 and August 2024. Molecular findings, including BRCA1/2 mutations, homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) scores, and HRR-related gene alterations, were correlated with tumor board recommendations and decisions for PARPi therapy. Laboratory turnaround time (TAT), assay performance, and integration into clinical workflows were assessed.

The F1CDx assay successfully generated comprehensive molecular profiles in 174 samples, with minimal limitations due to computational tumor content or inconclusive HRD readout. BRCA1/2 mutations were detected in 13.1% of patients, and 39.5% of tumors were HRD-positive (LOH ≥16%). In the internal cohort, 81.8% of patients received PARPi therapy recommendations, all directly informed by F1CDx results. PARPi selection differed by HRD status, with niraparib favored in HR-proficient and olaparib in HRD-positive tumors. The mean laboratory TAT was 8.4 days (standard deviation ±3.8), with 92.2% of tests completed within 14 days. No additional profiling was required for PARPi therapy recommendation, and no incidental findings beyond the scope of HRD testing were detected.

Molecular profiling with F1CDx proved to be a technically feasible, clinically impactful, and time-efficient assay, demonstrating its value in supporting molecular-guided PARPi therapy recommendations in the routine care of HGSOC patients.

Solid papillary carcinoma is a rare breast neoplasm characterized by neuroendocrine differentiation, a circumscribed solid growth pattern, and delicate interspersed fibrovascular cores. It typically exhibits low to intermediate nuclear atypia and generally carries an excellent prognosis, even when invasion is present. Most cases are unilateral, with bilateral occurrences being exceptionally uncommon. Here, we describe a very rare case of bilateral in situ solid papillary carcinomas of the breast in a 67-year-old woman.

Angiosarcomas of the female reproductive tract are rare, most commonly occurring in the uterine body, and especially rare in the ovaries. Furthermore, the concomitance of angiosarcomas and mature cystic teratomas of the same ovary is even more sparse. We report a case of a 34-year-old G2P2 female with angiosarcoma of the left ovary, approximately 12 years after an initial diagnosis of mature cystic teratoma of bilateral ovaries with molecular and next-generation sequencing (NGS) studies supporting the diagnoses of two distinct primaries. Our case is unique as comparative NGS and copy-number mutation studies established that the two lesions are not genetically related, favoring distinct tumors that may be helpful in guiding therapeutic management.