Social media is vital for improving healthcare access, especially among disadvantaged groups. During the COVID-19 pandemic, young breast cancer survivors (YBCSs) in China increasingly relied on social media for health information, shaping their experiences and needs. However, little is known about how their online behaviors changed during such crises. This study examines the characteristics and health needs of Chinese YBCSs on social media during the pandemic, providing evidence to inform public health management in emergencies.

We used web crawlers to collect 6,415 breast cancer-related posts from Sina Weibo and Zhihu (November 30, 2017-May 31, 2022). Posts were filtered using operational criteria, combining manual screening and machine learning models. Text mining and natural language processing were applied to construct multidimensional user profiles across three pandemic phases: pre-pandemic, outbreak, and normalization.

In total, 2,640 posts from YBCSs were included for analysis. YBCSs' online activity increased markedly during the outbreak (from 0.37 to 2.22 posts/hour), with peak engagement during leisure times but shorter active durations. Content shifted from treatment-focused discussions to collective encouragement and pandemic-related topics, then returned to disease management in the normalization phase. Sentiment was generally positive, with fluctuations during the outbreak and stabilization in the normalization phase (sentiment index 0.17-0.38).

This study underscores the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on YBCSs, highlighting shifts in temporal routines, content priorities, and emotions. The findings redefine the perspective on managing healthy lives of these vulnerable and fragile groups in the post-crises era, and emphasize the urgent need for timely health information support and equality in healthcare through social media platforms with machine-learning approaches.

To evaluate the impact of combined exercise and nutritional intervention including branched-chain amino acids on the prevention of muscle mass decline and related physical dysfunction during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).

This prospective, single-center study included 29 patients with HNC undergoing definitive cisplatin-based CCRT. Exercise intervention comprised resistance and endurance training, 30 min per day, 5 days per week. Nutritional intervention involved a daily liquid oral supplement (250 mL) providing 320 kcal and 4,600 mg of leucine, in addition to regular meals. Adherence to each intervention was recorded; patients were classified into higher (HA) and lower adherence (LA) groups based on the median overall adherence rate. Changes in body composition, muscle strength, and physical function were assessed before and after treatment.

Median adherence was 59.2% for nutrition and 83.0% for exercise. Compared with the LA group, the HA group had significantly smaller reductions in soft lean mass (- 4.1% vs. - 7.8%), skeletal muscle mass index (- 5.4% vs. - 9.5%), and bone mineral content (- 1.8% vs. - 6.0%) and greater fat mass reduction (- 18.8% vs. + 8.7%). Quadriceps strength was maintained in the HA group but declined in the LA group. Adverse events and CCRT completion rates did not differ between the groups.

Combined exercise and nutritional interventions are feasible during CCRT. Higher adherence may help preserve body composition and physical function, supporting the potential role of rehabilitation nutrition in supportive care for patients with HNC.

Understanding the timing and factors related to the complications such as lymphedema and the limiting of upper limb mobility can help in taking timely measures to prevent them and contribute to the functional recovery of patients after breast cancer surgery. We aimed to observe the relationship between age and postoperative complications of breast cancer and the improvement of limb function after early rehabilitation intervention in patients of different ages.

Sixty postoperative breast cancer patients were divided into three groups: young, middle-aged, and elderly. Rehabilitation treatment intervention was conducted within 1 week after surgery, and later rehabilitation training guidance was provided. Follow-up was conducted at 3 months postoperatively. The occurrence of lymphedema and shoulder joint restriction was assessed at enrollment and 3 months postoperatively. The comprehensive functional status of patients was evaluated using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) Activity and Participation Assessment Scale.

At 3 months postoperatively, there was no significant difference in the incidence of lymphedema among the three groups (P > 0.05). However, the incidence of shoulder joint restriction in the young group was significantly lower than that in the middle-aged and elderly groups (P < 0.05). At 3 months postoperatively, the scores of the ICF Activity and Participation Assessment Scale in all three groups were significantly lower than those at enrollment. The scores in the young group were significantly lower than those in the middle-aged and elderly groups (P < 0.05). The improvement in the ICF Activity and Participation Assessment Scale scores at 3 months postoperatively compared to enrollment was higher in the young group than in the middle-aged and elderly groups (P < 0.05).

Our study found that the incidence of postoperative shoulder restriction and the recovery of limb function are related to age in breast cancer patients. In the future, studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up durations are warranted.

Breast cancer screening and longitudinal monitoring require imaging technologies that are portable, operator-independent, and suitable for frequent use, a capability not fully met by mammography or conventional ultrasound. We present a three-dimensional (3D) portable ultrasound system for real-time examination (3D PURE) that overcomes key limitations in volumetric breast imaging through advances in transducer design, acoustic materials, and adaptive beamforming. A box-array design incorporating a corner-gap offset geometry suppresses peak crosstalk (by 3.73 dB at the corner-most element), prevents preamplifier saturation, and supports higher transmit voltages (up to 24 V). A custom flowable backing layer (impedance 6.12 MRayl; attenuation 7.56 dB mm^-1 MHz^-1) integrates around fragile wirebonds, reduces inter-element crosstalk by ~4.5 dB throughout the array, and improves axial and lateral/elevational resolutions by ~200 µm and ~70 µm, respectively. Layered Aberration-Correction Reconstruction (LACR), an adaptive 3D beamformer, compensates for heterogeneous speed-of-sound (SoS) in the breast, reducing depth localization error by 2 mm and aberration defocusing by 70 µm on average at a 5 cm depth. Nine of the ten participants in an in vitro study showed improved microtarget detection efficiency with 3D PURE relative to a conventional 2D system (p = 0.0215), analogous to detection of microcalcifications. These results, combined with in vivo imaging validation of various phenotypes, highlight the potential of 3D PURE for reliable breast imaging. Furthermore, a vision-guided computer interface, MyFUS, ensures self-guided, user-friendly, and operator-independent probe positioning for longitudinal monitoring.

Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) is a next-generation antibody therapeutics designed to deliver drugs selectively and efficiently to cancer cells, offering high efficacy and reduced side effects. Daiichi Sankyo has established a novel DXd-ADC technology using DXd, a derivative of the topoisomerase I inhibitor exatecan, as its payload. With this technology, we developed trastuzumab deruxtecan, the first DXd-ADC directed toward HER2. To generate a novel DXd-ADC covering unmet medical needs, we have developed a novel trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2)-directed DXd-ADC, datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd). In the preclinical studies, we confirmed that Dato-DXd binds to TROP2 on cancer cell surface and, following internalization and lysosomal trafficking, releases DXd. The released DXd induces DNA damage and apoptosis in cancer cells. Additionally, Dato-DXd showed TROP2-dependent antitumor activity in multiple human cancer cell line-derived and patient-derived xenograft mouse models. Clinically, the global phase III trial targeting hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative, unresectable or recurrent breast cancer led to its first approval in Japan in December 2024, followed by the approvals in the US and Europe later.

Previously, several studies have focused on the correlation between SNPs of the excision repair cross-complementation group 5 (ERCC5) gene and breast cancer susceptibility, and the rs17655 (Asp1104His) has been mostly studied among many SNPs of ERCC5 gene. However, contradictory results also existed among these published articles. So, we performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between the rs17655 of ERCC5 gene and the susceptibility to breast cancer.

All analyses in this meta-analysis were performed using Stata 15.0 version software. The heterogeneity test was performed using the chi-square-based Q-test and the I-square test. Sensitivity analysis was performed to estimate the influence of the combined ORs caused by individual data. Begg's funnel plot method was used for the publication bias testing.

We found a significant relationship between the rs17655 of ERCC5 gene and the breast cancer risk for the dominant model, OR (95% CI) = 1.24 (1.01-1.52), p = 0.036. But we found no significant association between the rs17655 and breast cancer risk for the recessive model (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.80-1.32, p = 0.825) and the allele model (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.98-1.38, p = 0.083). No statistically significant association were found between the ERCC5 gene rs17655 and the risk of breast cancer for the dominant model observed in Caucasian populations (pooled OR = 1.03, 95%CI = 0.91-1.18), in African populations (pooled OR = 1.55, 95%CI = 0.77-3.12) and in Asian population (pooled OR = 1.76, 95%CI = 0.755-4.12). No publication bias was observed for three genetic models (P = 0.061 for the dominant model, P = 0.825 for the recessive model, P = 0.118 for the allele model).

Carriers with rs17655 minor allele have higher susceptibility to breast cancer for the dominant model. But no significant relationship was observed between rs17655 and breast cancer susceptibility in Caucasian, African, and Asia populations.

We investigated the clinical significance of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in locally advanced lung adenocarcinoma after induction chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

We retrospectively reviewed patients with completely resected lung adenocarcinoma after induction CRT from 2007 to 2021 at our institution. We evaluated the effects of LVI on recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).

Fifty-six patients were included. The reasons for induction CRT were superior sulcus tumor (n = 11, 19.6%), direct invasion of other organs (n = 7, 12.5%), bulky N1 (n = 3, 5.4%), and N2 (n = 35, 62.5%). A pathological complete response was observed in 6 patients (10.7%). LVI was present in 14 patients (25.0%) and absent in 42 (75.0%). The LVI-positive group had significantly worse 5-year RFS (7.8% vs. 49.7%, p <0.001) and OS (35.2% vs. 73.5%, p = 0.003) than the LVI-negative group. Multivariate analysis revealed that LVI was a significant prognostic factor for both RFS (hazard ratio [HR], 3.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64-9.32, p = 0.002) and OS (HR, 5.75; 95% CI, 1.92-17.20, p = 0.002).

LVI can be a poor prognostic factor and an important biomarker for assessing the effectiveness of multimodal treatment in lung adenocarcinoma.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape for multiple hematologic malignancies, demonstrating a clear curative potential in select cases. Since 2017, 7 CAR T-cell products have indications approved by the Food and Drug Administration, and research is continuously evolving with the intent of enhancing CAR T-cell efficacy while reducing side effects and the risk of relapse. Nuclear medicine has played a crucial role throughout this optimization process, assisting initial staging, treatment response assessment, and adverse-effect monitoring. This review provides an introduction to CAR T-cell therapy and highlights gold-standard nuclear medicine practices and imaging innovations for use in the care of oncology patients. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for continuing innovation in medical imaging as the field progresses.

Early gastric cancer is characterised by subtle mucosal and colour changes that frequently lead to missed lesions during routine endoscopy, making detection difficult. Indigo carmine spraying is a classical chromoendoscopic method to enhance mucosal surface irregularities and has been believed to have the potential to facilitate the detection of early gastric neoplasia. This method is widely used in Japan; however, whether it improves gastric neoplasm detection remains unclear. In this prospective study, we aim to evaluate the usefulness of indigo carmine spraying for detecting gastric cancer and gastric adenoma during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in patients at high risk of gastric cancer.

This prospective multicentre observational study will include over 30 institutions. Patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for surveillance after endoscopic treatment or pretreatment screening will be enrolled. The age range has been set from 20 years to 95 years, and patients for whom a biopsy will not be feasible will be excluded. Gastric observation will consist of two steps: the first will use white light imaging, followed by a second-pass observation after spraying 20-40 mL of indigo carmine at a concentration of 0.1-0.4%. The primary endpoint will be the proportion of patients with gastric cancer or adenoma lesions detected during the second-pass observation among those who undergo successful indigo carmine examination. A one-sided binomial test (α=0.05) will be used to compare the detection rate with a predefined threshold of 1.0%. We aim to enrol a total of 1050 patients to achieve 80% power.

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Kanagawa Cancer Center (approval number: 2025-92). Written informed consent will be obtained at the time of registration. Following completion of this research, the findings will be promptly compiled and published in appropriate academic conferences and peer-reviewed international journals.

UMIN000059685.

Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is often presaged by benign asbestos-associated pleural inflammation (AAPI), offering a unique window of opportunity for translational research. The PREDICT-Meso International Accelerator Network is leveraging this natural history to perform target identification and develop novel therapies for early-stage or pre-invasive disease. This requires assembly of a unique bioresource of longitudinal human tissue samples spanning the terminal stages of PM evolution, development of preclinical models for drug screening and reliable tools for risk prediction in patients presenting with AAPI.

Mesothelioma Observational study of Risk prediction and Generation of paired benign-meso tissue samples, Including a Nested MRI Substudy (Meso-ORIGINS) is a prospective, multicentre observational study, comprising two arms (A and B), with a nested MRI substudy in arm A. Arm A will recruit 300 AAPI patients and perform 6-monthly surveillance for 2 years. Suspicion of PM evolution will prompt repeat biopsy and banking, delivering a primary objective of ≥38 longitudinal AAPI-PM tissue pairs. This target reflects a projected PM evolution rate of 14% (95% CI 10.5 to 19.2) derived from a prior multicentre feasibility trial. Multiomic risk profiling will be performed in arm A, using blood proteomics, exhaled breath metabolomics and perfusion MRI. Arm B will recruit 300 patients with suspected PM, permitting collection of multiregion pleural biopsies in patients spanning AAPI and PM timepoints for evaluation of anatomical heterogeneity. Where possible, patients in arm B diagnosed with AAPI will be recruited to arm A for 2-year surveillance +/- repeat biopsy in subsequent PM evolution cases. Pleural fluid will be collected in arm B for cell-line generation and diagnostic biomarker evaluation. Exhaled breath will be collected in arm B for diagnostic biomarker evaluation.

The study has ethical approval (REC Ref 21/WS/0120). Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals and national/international scientific conferences. Tissues, data and derived omics will be shared via the PREDICT-Meso Research Tissue Bank (REC Ref 21/WS/0011).

ISRCTN22929761.